test: LLVM/Clang 16 for MSAN jobs

Sync up with other CI infra.

ci/test/00_setup_env_native_msan.sh

@@ -6,14 +6,14 @@
 
 export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
 
-export CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG="ubuntu:20.04"
+export CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG="ubuntu:23.04" # Version 23.04 will reach EOL in Jan 2024, and can be replaced by "ubuntu:24.04" (or anything else that ships the wanted clang version).
 LIBCXX_DIR="${BASE_SCRATCH_DIR}/msan/build/"
 export MSAN_FLAGS="-fsanitize=memory -fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2 -fno-omit-frame-pointer -g -O1 -fno-optimize-sibling-calls"
 LIBCXX_FLAGS="-nostdinc++ -stdlib=libc++ -L${LIBCXX_DIR}lib -lc++abi -I${LIBCXX_DIR}include -I${LIBCXX_DIR}include/c++/v1 -lpthread -Wl,-rpath,${LIBCXX_DIR}lib -Wno-unused-command-line-argument"
 export MSAN_AND_LIBCXX_FLAGS="${MSAN_FLAGS} ${LIBCXX_FLAGS}"
 
 export CONTAINER_NAME="ci_native_msan"
-export PACKAGES="clang-12 llvm-12 cmake"
+export PACKAGES="clang-16 llvm-16 libclang-rt-16-dev cmake"
 # BDB generates false-positives and will be removed in future
 export DEP_OPTS="NO_BDB=1 NO_QT=1 CC='clang' CXX='clang++' CFLAGS='${MSAN_FLAGS}' CXXFLAGS='${MSAN_AND_LIBCXX_FLAGS}'"
 export GOAL="install"