Merge bitcoin/bitcoin#33842: build: Bump g++ minimum supported version to 12

fa9f29a4a7 doc: Recommend latest Debian stable or Ubuntu LTS (MarcoFalke)
fa1711ee0d doc: Add GCC-12 min release notes (MarcoFalke)
faa8be75c9 ci: Enable experimental kernel stuff in G++-12 task (previous releases) (MarcoFalke)
fabce97b30 test: Remove gccbug_90348 test case (MarcoFalke)
fa3854e432 test: Remove unused fs::create_directories test (MarcoFalke)
fa9dacdbde util: [refactor] Remove unused create_directories workaround (MarcoFalke)
fa807f78ae build: Bump g++ minimum supported version to 12 (MarcoFalke)

Pull request description:

  All supported operating systems that previously came with at least g++-11, also come with at least g++-12, so bumping the minimum should be fine.

  For reference:

  * https://packages.ubuntu.com/jammy/g++-12
  * https://packages.ubuntu.com/noble/g++ (g++-13)
  * https://packages.debian.org/bookworm/g++ (g++-12)
  * FreeBSD Ports ship a recent GCC
  * RHEL-based 8, and 9 ship with g++-14 via appstream (`dnf install gcc-toolset-14` -> `/opt/rh/gcc-toolset-14/`)
  * RHEL-based 10 ships with g++ (14 by default)
  * OpenSuse Leap and Tumbleweed ship with g++ 15 https://software.opensuse.org/package/gcc15-c++

  Obviously, downloading pre-compiled releases or compiling previous release branches is unaffected by this change.

ACKs for top commit:
  janb84:
    re-ACK fa9f29a4a7
  TheCharlatan:
    Re-ACK fa9f29a4a7
  hebasto:
    ACK fa9f29a4a7.

Tree-SHA512: ce14ecf78ccfe4f221dcbc9147dcfc00c0512b23a6fcda5ba71b62b4f5d39a5139f083d035113f189bfbd396d485e1ebc626a9a16b6fa0b74fd95aed2041c841

ci/test/00_setup_env_native_previous_releases.sh

@@ -8,15 +8,16 @@ export LC_ALL=C.UTF-8
 
 export CONTAINER_NAME=ci_native_previous_releases
 export CI_IMAGE_NAME_TAG="mirror.gcr.io/ubuntu:22.04"
-# Use minimum supported python3.10 and gcc-11, see doc/dependencies.md
-export PACKAGES="gcc-11 g++-11 python3-zmq"
-export DEP_OPTS="CC=gcc-11 CXX=g++-11"
+# Use minimum supported python3.10 and gcc-12, see doc/dependencies.md
+export PACKAGES="gcc-12 g++-12 python3-zmq"
+export DEP_OPTS="CC=gcc-12 CXX=g++-12"
 export TEST_RUNNER_EXTRA="--previous-releases --coverage --extended --exclude feature_dbcrash"  # Run extended tests so that coverage does not fail, but exclude the very slow dbcrash
 export GOAL="install"
 export CI_LIMIT_STACK_SIZE=1
 export DOWNLOAD_PREVIOUS_RELEASES="true"
 export BITCOIN_CONFIG="\
- -DWITH_ZMQ=ON -DBUILD_GUI=ON -DREDUCE_EXPORTS=ON \
+ --preset=dev-mode \
+ -DREDUCE_EXPORTS=ON \
  -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug \
  -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS='-funsigned-char' \
  -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS_DEBUG='-g2 -O2' \