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Fixes in html files and manifest from 2000

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2000/rince/README.md
+40 -45
View File
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
make all
```
NOTE: this entry requires the `X11/Xlib.h` header file and the X11 library to
**NOTE**: this entry requires the `X11/Xlib.h` header file and the X11 library to
compile. For more information see the
FAQ on "[X11](../../faq.html#X11)".
@@ -91,20 +91,22 @@ for an example.
This program plots the positions of the four [Galilean
moons](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galilean_moons) of
[Jupiter](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter), as seen from
[Earth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth). It doesn't correct for your
[Jupiter](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/), as seen from
[Earth](https://science.nasa.gov/earth/). It doesn't correct for your
location on Earth, but I assure you that the
[parallax](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallax#Astronomy) is minimal!
The moons are labelled with Roman numerals from `I` to `IV`, `I` being the
closest to the planet and `IV` being the furthest. They are:
```
I Io
II Europa
III Ganymede
IV Callisto
```
- `I`
* [Io](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/io)
- `II`
* [Europa](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/europa/)
- `III`
* [Ganymede](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/ganymede/)
- `IV`
* [Callisto](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/callisto)
Amazingly, all it takes is a pair of binoculars to see the Galilean moons,
so the results can be experimentally checked. (Note that at present, the
@@ -135,40 +137,31 @@ Galileo discovered the moons in January 1610.
<https://web.archive.org/web/20001204212000/http://www-isds.jpl.nasa.gov/cwo/cwo_54ga/html/cd/galileo.htm>
states the following:
```
By early 1610, Galileo had further improved his telescope by
double its power, so it now enlarged objects a thousand
times. He began looking at the stars and couldn't believe how
many more he could now see! The number seemed infinite. He was
beginning to realize the fixed stars weren't a flat distant
wall on a globe, but a three-dimensional expanse bigger than
anyone had ever thought!
Then, on January 7, about an hour after sunset, Jupiter rose
in the east, and Galileo happened to turn his powerful scope
on its bright disk. It wasn't the first time he had looked at
Jupiter, but before it was with one of his lesser-powered
telescopes. This time, though, he noticed three small but
bright stars near the planet, two to one side and one to the
other. He wondered at how bright the small stars were and how
they were arranged in what seemed like a straight line. The
next night he decided to look at Jupiter again, and to his
surprise, the stars had moved. But not in such a way as he
would expect. If Jupiter was moving as it normally should, the
stars would be east of Jupiter. But all three were to the
west! The next night was cloudy, but on January 10, Galileo
was able to observe the planet again. One of the stars was
gone, and the other two were now on the east side. As the
stars moved around Jupiter on each succeeding night, and were
finally joined by a fourth star, it dawned on Galileo that
what he had found were moons orbiting Jupiter! Almost at once
he realized that this was proof that not all objects orbited
the Earth. Here were four bodies that were orbiting
Jupiter. One argument against the sun-centered theory was, if
the Earth orbited the sun, wouldn't the moon get left behind?
Here he could see for himself that somehow, a planet could
orbit the sun, and not leave a moon behind!
```
> By early 1610, Galileo had further improved his telescope by double its power,
so it now enlarged objects a thousand times. He began looking at the stars and
couldn't believe how many more he could now see! The number seemed infinite. He
was beginning to realize the fixed stars weren't a flat distant wall on a globe,
but a three-dimensional expanse bigger than anyone had ever thought!
>
> Then, on January 7, about an hour after sunset, Jupiter rose in the east,
and Galileo happened to turn his powerful scope on its bright disk. It wasn't
the first time he had looked at Jupiter, but before it was with one of his
lesser-powered telescopes. This time, though, he noticed three small but bright
stars near the planet, two to one side and one to the other. He wondered at how
bright the small stars were and how they were arranged in what seemed like a
straight line. The next night he decided to look at Jupiter again, and to his
surprise, the stars had moved. But not in such a way as he would expect. If
Jupiter was moving as it normally should, the stars would be east of Jupiter.
But all three were to the west! The next night was cloudy, but on January 10,
Galileo was able to observe the planet again. One of the stars was gone, and the
other two were now on the east side. As the stars moved around Jupiter on each
succeeding night, and were finally joined by a fourth star, it dawned on Galileo
that what he had found were moons orbiting Jupiter! Almost at once he realized
that this was proof that not all objects orbited the Earth. Here were four
bodies that were orbiting Jupiter. One argument against the sun-centered theory
was, if the Earth orbited the sun, wouldn't the moon get left behind? Here he
could see for himself that somehow, a planet could orbit the sun, and not leave
a moon behind!
Thus we can plot Galileo's discoveries using the following three plots:
@@ -210,7 +203,9 @@ This program assumes:
1. The ASCII character set is used.
2. That an enormous comet hasn't changed the course of Jupiter (or Earth!).
2. That an enormous comet hasn't changed the course of
[Jupiter](https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/) (or
[Earth](https://science.nasa.gov/earth/)!).
3. That the date has not been specified as the gap between the
[Julian](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar) and
@@ -234,7 +229,7 @@ run from the surface of [Mars](https://science.nasa.gov/mars/).
In addition to the normal obfuscations, I feel that the code contains some less
common tricks. Taken through the standard rounds listed in the
[guidelines](../../2000/guidelines.txt), the code attempts to pass these as follows:
[guidelines](../guidelines.txt), the code attempts to pass these as follows:
1. Look at the original source
2000/rince/index.html
+51 -41
View File
@@ -409,7 +409,7 @@ Location: <a href="../../location.html#GB">GB</a> - <em>United Kingdom of Great
<!-- BEFORE: 1st line of markdown file: 2000/rince/README.md -->
<h2 id="to-build">To build:</h2>
<pre><code> make all</code></pre>
<p>NOTE: this entry requires the <code>X11/Xlib.h</code> header file and the X11 library to
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: this entry requires the <code>X11/Xlib.h</code> header file and the X11 library to
compile. For more information see the
FAQ on “<a href="../../faq.html#X11">X11</a>”.</p>
<h3 id="bugs-and-misfeatures">Bugs and (Mis)features:</h3>
@@ -457,16 +457,30 @@ for an example.</p>
<h3 id="what-it-does">What it does</h3>
<p>This program plots the positions of the four <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galilean_moons">Galilean
moons</a> of
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jupiter">Jupiter</a>, as seen from
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth">Earth</a>. It doesn’t correct for your
<a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/">Jupiter</a>, as seen from
<a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/">Earth</a>. It doesn’t correct for your
location on Earth, but I assure you that the
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallax#Astronomy">parallax</a> is minimal!</p>
<p>The moons are labelled with Roman numerals from <code>I</code> to <code>IV</code>, <code>I</code> being the
closest to the planet and <code>IV</code> being the furthest. They are:</p>
<pre><code> I Io
II Europa
III Ganymede
IV Callisto</code></pre>
<ul>
<li><code>I</code>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/io">Io</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><code>II</code>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/europa/">Europa</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><code>III</code>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/ganymede/">Ganymede</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li><code>IV</code>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/moons/callisto">Callisto</a></li>
</ul></li>
</ul>
<p>Amazingly, all it takes is a pair of binoculars to see the Galilean moons,
so the results can be experimentally checked. (Note that at present, the
best views of Jupiter are over the autumn/winter.)</p>
@@ -487,38 +501,32 @@ confusion, please consult the following chart (*):</p>
<p>Galileo discovered the moons in January 1610.
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20001204212000/http://www-isds.jpl.nasa.gov/cwo/cwo_54ga/html/cd/galileo.htm" class="uri">https://web.archive.org/web/20001204212000/http://www-isds.jpl.nasa.gov/cwo/cwo_54ga/html/cd/galileo.htm</a>
states the following:</p>
<pre><code> By early 1610, Galileo had further improved his telescope by
double its power, so it now enlarged objects a thousand
times. He began looking at the stars and couldn&#39;t believe how
many more he could now see! The number seemed infinite. He was
beginning to realize the fixed stars weren&#39;t a flat distant
wall on a globe, but a three-dimensional expanse bigger than
anyone had ever thought!
Then, on January 7, about an hour after sunset, Jupiter rose
in the east, and Galileo happened to turn his powerful scope
on its bright disk. It wasn&#39;t the first time he had looked at
Jupiter, but before it was with one of his lesser-powered
telescopes. This time, though, he noticed three small but
bright stars near the planet, two to one side and one to the
other. He wondered at how bright the small stars were and how
they were arranged in what seemed like a straight line. The
next night he decided to look at Jupiter again, and to his
surprise, the stars had moved. But not in such a way as he
would expect. If Jupiter was moving as it normally should, the
stars would be east of Jupiter. But all three were to the
west! The next night was cloudy, but on January 10, Galileo
was able to observe the planet again. One of the stars was
gone, and the other two were now on the east side. As the
stars moved around Jupiter on each succeeding night, and were
finally joined by a fourth star, it dawned on Galileo that
what he had found were moons orbiting Jupiter! Almost at once
he realized that this was proof that not all objects orbited
the Earth. Here were four bodies that were orbiting
Jupiter. One argument against the sun-centered theory was, if
the Earth orbited the sun, wouldn&#39;t the moon get left behind?
Here he could see for himself that somehow, a planet could
orbit the sun, and not leave a moon behind!</code></pre>
<blockquote>
<p>By early 1610, Galileo had further improved his telescope by double its power,
so it now enlarged objects a thousand times. He began looking at the stars and
couldn’t believe how many more he could now see! The number seemed infinite. He
was beginning to realize the fixed stars weren’t a flat distant wall on a globe,
but a three-dimensional expanse bigger than anyone had ever thought!</p>
<p>Then, on January 7, about an hour after sunset, Jupiter rose in the east,
and Galileo happened to turn his powerful scope on its bright disk. It wasn’t
the first time he had looked at Jupiter, but before it was with one of his
lesser-powered telescopes. This time, though, he noticed three small but bright
stars near the planet, two to one side and one to the other. He wondered at how
bright the small stars were and how they were arranged in what seemed like a
straight line. The next night he decided to look at Jupiter again, and to his
surprise, the stars had moved. But not in such a way as he would expect. If
Jupiter was moving as it normally should, the stars would be east of Jupiter.
But all three were to the west! The next night was cloudy, but on January 10,
Galileo was able to observe the planet again. One of the stars was gone, and the
other two were now on the east side. As the stars moved around Jupiter on each
succeeding night, and were finally joined by a fourth star, it dawned on Galileo
that what he had found were moons orbiting Jupiter! Almost at once he realized
that this was proof that not all objects orbited the Earth. Here were four
bodies that were orbiting Jupiter. One argument against the sun-centered theory
was, if the Earth orbited the sun, wouldn’t the moon get left behind? Here he
could see for himself that somehow, a planet could orbit the sun, and not leave
a moon behind!</p>
</blockquote>
<p>Thus we can plot Galileo’s discoveries using the following three plots:</p>
<pre><code> ./rince 0 $(./dmy2jd 7.8 1 1610)
./rince 0 $(./dmy2jd 8.8 1 1610)
@@ -543,7 +551,9 @@ description of the origins of Julian Days can be found at
<p>This program assumes:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>The ASCII character set is used.</p></li>
<li><p>That an enormous comet hasn’t changed the course of Jupiter (or Earth!).</p></li>
<li><p>That an enormous comet hasn’t changed the course of
<a href="https://science.nasa.gov/jupiter/">Jupiter</a> (or
<a href="https://science.nasa.gov/earth/">Earth</a>!).</p></li>
<li><p>That the date has not been specified as the gap between the
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar">Julian</a> and
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregorian_calendar">Gregorian</a> calendar.</p></li>
@@ -560,7 +570,7 @@ run from the surface of <a href="https://science.nasa.gov/mars/">Mars</a>.</p></
<h3 id="obfuscations">Obfuscations</h3>
<p>In addition to the normal obfuscations, I feel that the code contains some less
common tricks. Taken through the standard rounds listed in the
<a href="../../2000/guidelines.txt">guidelines</a>, the code attempts to pass these as follows:</p>
<a href="../guidelines.txt">guidelines</a>, the code attempts to pass these as follows:</p>
<ol type="1">
<li><p>Look at the original source</p>
<p>With luck, pure casual inspection should not reveal much except