More README.md files updated in 2015/
Fix formatting. Spelling / typo errors fixed. Possibly other changes as well. I still have to check 2015/muth and 2015/schweikhardt and 2015/yang.
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# Most Diffused Reaction
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Someone Anonymous
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Twitter: @hirekoke
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Someone Anonymous
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Twitter: @hirekoke
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Yusuke Endoh
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<https://github.com/mame/>
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Twitter: @mametter
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Yusuke Endoh
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<https://github.com/mame/>
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Twitter: @mametter
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# To build:
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@@ -21,6 +21,11 @@ make
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Connect to port http://localhost:10333 with your browser.
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The author said he had no recent version of macOS to test to see if this works
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but in 2023 [Cody Boone Ferguson](/winners.html#Cody_Boone_Ferguson) did this
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and reported that it works well. He also said he really loved it! Thank you
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Cody!
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### Try:
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```sh
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@@ -55,40 +60,55 @@ cc -O3 -std=c99 \
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```
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Then, run it under `tcpserver` command in
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[ucspi-tcp](http://cr.yp.to/ucspi-tcp.html) package, which was created by Daniel
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J. Bernstein, IOCCC 1989 "Best of Show" winner.
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[ucspi-tcp](http://cr.yp.to/ucspi-tcp.html) package, which was created by
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[Daniel J. Bernstein](/winners.html#Daniel_J._Bernstein), [IOCCC 1991 "Best of
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Show"](../../1991/brnstnd/brnstnd.c) ([README.md](../../1991/brnstnd/README.md)).
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$ tcpserver -v 127.0.0.1 10333 ./prog ioccc.txt
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Finally, open `http://127.0.0.1:10333/` by a modern browser supporting HTML5. You can use the mouse cursor to place drops into the Petri dish interactively.
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Finally, open `http://127.0.0.1:10333/` by a modern browser supporting HTML5.
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You can use the mouse cursor to place drops into the Petri dish interactively.
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### Description
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This is a simulator of *reaction-diffusion systems*.
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Reaction-diffusion systems, proposed by Alan Turing in [1], are mathematical models in which two chemical substances are transformed into each other (*local chemical reactions*) and spread out (*diffusion*). Their interactions sometimes form non-trivial patterns, such as spots, spiral, dappling, and labyrinths.
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Reaction-diffusion systems, proposed by Alan Turing in [1], are mathematical
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models in which two chemical substances are transformed into each other (*local
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chemical reactions*) and spread out (*diffusion*). Their interactions sometimes
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form non-trivial patterns, such as spots, spiral, dappling, and labyrinths.
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The systems are generally formulated as follows:
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du/dt = F(u, v) + Du * laplacian(u)
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dv/dt = G(u, v) + Dv * laplacian(v)
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The functions `F(u, v)` and `G(u, v)` represent reactions of each substance, and the parameters `Du` and `Dv` are diffusion coefficients. By changing the functions and parameters, you can see a wide range of behaviors.
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The functions `F(u, v)` and `G(u, v)` represent reactions of each substance, and
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the parameters `Du` and `Dv` are diffusion coefficients. By changing the
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functions and parameters, you can see a wide range of behaviors.
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See [the Wikipedia article of "Reaction-diffusion system"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction%E2%80%93diffusion_system) in detail.
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See [the Wikipedia article of "Reaction-diffusion
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system"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction%E2%80%93diffusion_system) in
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detail.
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This program simulates the systems. The field consists of 128 x 128 cells. Each cell includes infomration of an amount of the two substances, and interacts with neighbor cells (in terms of von Neumann neighborhood) in each frame.
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This program simulates the systems. The field consists of 128 x 128 cells.
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Each cell includes information of an amount of the two substances, and interacts
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with neighbor cells (in terms of von Neumann neighborhood) in each frame.
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### Configuration
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You can change the model, initial pattern, simulation speed, and color via macro definition.
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You can change the model, initial pattern, simulation speed, and color via macro
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definition.
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#### Model: `-Delta_u=<expression> -Delta_v=<expression>`
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The definitions represent the equations of reaction-diffusion system. For example, the following is [the Gray-Scott model](http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/projects/amorphous/GrayScott/) in TeX notation.
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The definitions represent the equations of reaction-diffusion system. For
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example, the following is [the Gray-Scott
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model](http://groups.csail.mit.edu/mac/projects/amorphous/GrayScott/) in TeX
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notation.
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\frac{\partial u}{\partial t} = D_u \Delta u - u v^2 + F (1 - u)
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\frac{\partial v}{\partial t} = D_v \Delta v + u v^2 - v (F + K)
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@@ -102,9 +122,13 @@ You can specify this model as follows:
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#### Initial pattern: `-DUV_BACKGROUND=<u0>,<v0> -DUV_DROP=<u1>,<v1>`
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The definitions specifies the initial amount of the two substances u and v. All cells have `(u0, v0)` by default.
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The definitions specifies the initial amount of the two substances u and v. All
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cells have `(u0, v0)` by default.
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You can specify a pattern file when the executable is invoked (not compile-time). The file should include a sequence of points, see `ioccc.txt`, `center.txt`, or `line.txt` as examples. Each amount in cells near to the point included in the file, will be added by `(u1, v1)`.
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You can specify a pattern file when the executable is invoked (not
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compile-time). The file should include a sequence of points, see `ioccc.txt`,
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`center.txt`, or `line.txt` as examples. Each amount in cells near to the point
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included in the file, will be added by `(u1, v1)`.
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#### Simulation speed: `-DTIMESTEP=ts -DSPEED=spd`
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@@ -121,7 +145,8 @@ This specifies a color used for rendering.
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### Examples
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Some interesting parameters are included in `Makefile`. Do one of the following command and open `http://127.0.0.1:10333`.
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Some interesting parameters are included in `Makefile`. Do one of the following
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command and open `http://127.0.0.1:10333`.
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$ make gray-scott-1 && tcpserver -v 127.0.0.1 10333 ./gray-scott-1 ioccc.txt
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$ make gray-scott-1 && tcpserver -v 127.0.0.1 10333 ./gray-scott-1 center.txt
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@@ -133,27 +158,32 @@ Some interesting parameters are included in `Makefile`. Do one of the following
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$ make fitzhugh-nagumo-2 && tcpserver -v 127.0.0.1 10333 ./fitzhugh-nagumo-2 ioccc.txt
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$ make oregonator && tcpserver -v 127.0.0.1 10333 ./oregonator ioccc.txt
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These examples are created by drawing (and modifying) the pattern files of [Ready](https://github.com/GollyGang/ready), a cross-platform implementation of various reaction-diffusion systems [2].
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These examples are created by drawing (and modifying) the pattern files of
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[Ready](https://github.com/GollyGang/ready), a cross-platform implementation of
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various reaction-diffusion systems [2].
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### Compatibility
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#### C part
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This program compiles clean with no warnings under `-std=c99 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic`. Since it uses `long long` for 64bit integers, C99 is required.
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This program compiles clean with no warnings under `-std=c99 -Wall -Wextra
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-pedantic`. Since it uses `long long` for 64bit integers, C99 is required.
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#### Browser part
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You must use a modern browser that supports the latest specification of WebSocket [3]. All the following browsers worked for me:
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You must use a modern browser that supports the latest specification of
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WebSocket [3]. All the following browsers worked for me:
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* Google Chrome 45
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* Mozilla Firefox 39
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* Microsoft Internet Explorer 11 (works but sluggish)
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I think Safari 6 will work but I haven't tested. (I have no recent os x.)
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I think Safari 6 will work but I haven't tested. (I have no recent macOS.)
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#### tcpserver alternatives
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I think you may use `inetd` and `xinetd` instead of `tcpserver`. Here is an example of inetd configuration.
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I think you may use `inetd` and `xinetd` instead of `tcpserver`. Here is an
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example of inetd configuration.
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10333 stream tcp nowait nobody /path/to/prog /path/to/prog /path/to/initial-pattern.txt
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@@ -161,10 +191,14 @@ But note that I didn't test well.
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### Internal
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1. The C program accepts HTTP connection from the browser, and sends a HTML document.
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1. The C program accepts HTTP connection from the browser, and sends a HTML
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document.
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2. The browser tries to upgrade the connection to WebSocket.
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3. The C program accepts WebSocket upgrade. This negotiation process requires SHA1 hash [4] and Base64 encoding [5]. The C program calculates them without the aid of any external libraries.
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4. The C program simulates the reaction-diffusion system, and then send the field data to the browser on each frame.
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3. The C program accepts WebSocket upgrade. This negotiation process requires
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SHA1 hash [4] and Base64 encoding [5]. The C program calculates them without
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the aid of any external libraries.
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4. The C program simulates the reaction-diffusion system, and then send the
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field data to the browser on each frame.
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4. The browser receives and renders the field data onto the HTML5 canvas.
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