fix more broken markdown links

We fix more markdown links in markdown files that refer to files
internally to the web site.

Added tmp tools to find and print various markdown links:

* `tmp/md-links.sh` - print all markdown links
* `tmp/md-token-links.sh` - print all markdown links that start with a **%%TOKEN%%**
* `tmp/md-local-links.sh` - print all markdown links to a local file
* `tmp/md-link-paths.sh` - print local file paths referenced in markdown links

Fixed a number of markdown formatting problems with `thanks-for-help.md`.
Fixed markdown links to files in `thanks-for-help.md`.  Improved
heading levels in `thanks-for-help.md`, and made entry sections consistent.

Changed all markdown links that end in "))" to end in a better way.

Explained in `markdown.md` why we are avoiding markdown links that
end in "))".

Ran `make www` to perform the above.

TODO: Fix stuff we broke by mistake doing the above.

TODO: Fix more broken markdown links.

2011/blakely/README.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ threshold.
 ## Judges' remarks:
 
 This program plays [Life](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life)
-(see also [here](https://conwaylife.com)), computes Pi to 16 digits
+(see [here](https://conwaylife.com) also), computes Pi to 16 digits
 if given its own source as input, and allows to check if your garden
 is a [Garden of Eden](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_of_Eden_%28cellular_automaton%29), all in one source.
 

2011/blakely/index.html

@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ Location: <a href="../../location.html#GB">GB</a> - <em>United Kingdom of Great
 threshold.</p>
 <h2 id="judges-remarks">Judges’ remarks:</h2>
 <p>This program plays <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life">Life</a>
-(see also <a href="https://conwaylife.com">here</a>), computes Pi to 16 digits
+(see <a href="https://conwaylife.com">here</a> also), computes Pi to 16 digits
 if given its own source as input, and allows to check if your garden
 is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garden_of_Eden_%28cellular_automaton%29">Garden of Eden</a>, all in one source.</p>
 <p>If you have enough time to spare, put the plan of your garden in a text file,

2011/dlowe/README.md

@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ to help the IOCCC judges.  Here's to shorter, more frequent contests!
 
 ### Description
 
-This is a multilayer [perceptron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron) (a
+This is a multilayer [perceptron](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron), a
 [feedforward artificial neural
-network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feedforward_neural_network))
+network](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feedforward_neural_network),
 which can be trained, using on-line
 [backpropagation](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation), to classify input files.
 

2011/dlowe/index.html

@@ -490,9 +490,9 @@ Data that XORs to 1</p></li>
 intelligent</a> judging tool
 to help the IOCCC judges. Here’s to shorter, more frequent contests!</p>
 <h3 id="description">Description</h3>
-<p>This is a multilayer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron">perceptron</a> (a
+<p>This is a multilayer <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perceptron">perceptron</a>, a
 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feedforward_neural_network">feedforward artificial neural
-network</a>)
+network</a>,
 which can be trained, using on-line
 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backpropagation">backpropagation</a>, to classify input files.</p>
 <p>It has a fixed topology of <code>2^16</code> input neurons, 6 hidden neurons and 1 output

2011/fredriksson/README.md

@@ -75,8 +75,8 @@ This version of `grep` recognizes two more options, not present in normal
 `grep` implementations:
 
 * `-kN`	Permit `N` insertions, deletions or mismatches of characters in the
-	matches (aka
-	[edit-distance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance)). E.g.
+	matches, aka
+	[edit-distance](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance). E.g.,
 	"`obfuscated`" matches "`obfuscation`"
 	with one deletion and two mismatches. Likewise, "`obfuscate`" and
 	"`oversimplify`" match with 7
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ expressions by putting `]` as the first character, and putting `-` last.
 
 ### Other uses
 
-* You can use this in place of [cat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)).
+* You can use this in place of [cat](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)).
 Just say
 
 

2011/fredriksson/index.html

@@ -436,8 +436,8 @@ The options <code>-i</code>, <code>-c</code>, <code>-v</code> and <code>-n</code
 <code>grep</code> implementations:</p>
 <ul>
 <li><p><code>-kN</code> Permit <code>N</code> insertions, deletions or mismatches of characters in the
-matches (aka
-<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance">edit-distance</a>). E.g.
+matches, aka
+<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance">edit-distance</a>. E.g.,
 “<code>obfuscated</code>” matches “<code>obfuscation</code>”
 with one deletion and two mismatches. Likewise, “<code>obfuscate</code>” and
 “<code>oversimplify</code>” match with 7

2011/richards/README.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ For more detailed information see [2011 richards bugs](../../bugs.html#2011_rich
 ## Judges' remarks:
 
 Oh no, yet another
-[dc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dc_(computer_program))-style calculator? (see
+[dc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dc_(computer_program))-style calculator? (see
 [2000/dlowe](../../2000/dlowe/index.html) using an embedded Perl interpreter and deemed `Worst
 Abuse of the Rules`).  Well, this one does it (expression calculation, that is,
 not the rule abuse) in a different way.  The author claims that his calculator
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ without attempting to unravel the source?
 ## Author's remarks:
 
 This is an implementation of the classic UNIX
-[dc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dc_(computer_program)) command, the
+[dc](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dc_(computer_program)) command, the
 [reverse Polish](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_Polish_notation)
 calculator. Actually it's a pretty bad implementation, since it only implements
 32-bit integers (well, `sizeof(int)`-sized integers). It only implements the

2011/toledo/README.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Windows](%%REPO_URL%%/2011/toledo/toledo.alt2.c). See [Alternate code](#alternat
 ```
 
 
-## Alternate code:
+## Alternate code
 
 The first alt version, [toledo.alt.c](%%REPO_URL%%/2011/toledo/toledo.alt.c), allows you to reconfigure
 the controls and the dimensions more easily.
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ Not really, just kidding :D
 * It is written in the only true C: K&R, and no, that doesn't mean
   Katherine & Rose.
 * Vectorial scalable graphics: do you want a bigger viewport? Change variables
-  `M` and `N` (see the [alternate code](#alternate-code)).
+  `M` and `N` (see the [alternate](#alternate-code) code).
 * Half of the program is formatted as 3D cube. View with tabs at 8 columns and a
   square font.
 * The other half of the program is unprintable source code, so no typing from

2011/toledo/index.html

@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ controls and size</a> and <a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/
 Windows</a>. See <a href="#alternate-code">Alternate code</a> below.</p>
 <h2 id="to-use">To use:</h2>
 <pre><code>    ./toledo</code></pre>
-<h2 id="alternate-code">Alternate code:</h2>
+<h2 id="alternate-code">Alternate code</h2>
 <p>The first alt version, <a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/toledo/toledo.alt.c">toledo.alt.c</a>, allows you to reconfigure
 the controls and the dimensions more easily.</p>
 <p>The second version, <a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/toledo/toledo.alt2.c">toledo.alt2.c</a>, should work for Windows but
@@ -527,7 +527,7 @@ x86-64 512 MB).</li>
 <li>It is written in the only true C: K&amp;R, and no, that doesn’t mean
 Katherine &amp; Rose.</li>
 <li>Vectorial scalable graphics: do you want a bigger viewport? Change variables
-<code>M</code> and <code>N</code> (see the <a href="#alternate-code">alternate code</a>).</li>
+<code>M</code> and <code>N</code> (see the <a href="#alternate-code">alternate</a> code).</li>
 <li>Half of the program is formatted as 3D cube. View with tabs at 8 columns and a
 square font.</li>
 <li>The other half of the program is unprintable source code, so no typing from

2011/zucker/README.md

@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ direction and surface normal.
 #### Further details (contains spoilers):
 
 The program is not quite a traditional [ray
-tracer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_tracing_(graphics)), but a "[sphere
+tracer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_tracing_(graphics)), but a "[sphere
 tracer](sphere-tracing.pdf)" which uses distance fields to encode proximity to
 objects in the scene. Using sphere tracing to compute visibility instead of
 analytic ray tracing provides two advantages: first, it greatly eases the