Rename hint.txt and hint.text to README.md
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# Most tweetable 1-liner
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Yusuke Endoh
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<mame@ruby-lang.org>
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<https://github.com/mame/>
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## Judges' comments:
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### To build:
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make endoh3
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### To run:
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./endoh3
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### Try:
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Trying this out will depend on how your system can play sounds. The author's
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remarks include some options for different operating systems.
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The simplest way is to create a .wav file and have your system play that.
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echo 'CDEFGABc' | ./endoh3 | ruby wavify.rb > cde.wav
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There are also some other musical samples, twinkle.abc and menuet.abc.
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### Selected Judges Remarks:
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This program can tweet out a tune and is small enough to tweet.
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## Author's comments:
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### Remarks
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This is a sound synthesizer for a subset of [ABC music notation](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABC_notation).
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Try:
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gcc -o prog prog.c
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echo "CDEFGABc" | ./prog > /dev/dsp
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If `/dev/dsp` is not available on your system, use an OSS sound wrapper such
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as `padsp` or `aoss`:
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echo "CDEFGABc" | ./prog | padsp tee /dev/dsp > /dev/null
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If you are using Mac OS X, try [sox](http://sox.sourceforge.net/):
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echo "CDEFGABc" | ./prog | sox -q -traw -r8000 -b8 -e unsigned-integer - -tcoreaudio
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If they do not work, use the attached script to convert the output
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into a wave file format:
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echo "CDEFGABc" | ./prog | ruby wavify.rb > cde.wav
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and play `cde.wav`.
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You can enjoy some music scores that I attached:
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cat twinkle.abc | ./prog > /dev/dsp
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cat menuet.abc | ./prog > /dev/dsp
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### Obfuscation
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The following sequence of questions may be helpful to understand the program.
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- How does it convert ABC notes into the frequency?
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- What is `89/84.`? I found it by using Stern-Brocot tree.
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- How does it generate a wave? Hint: it generates a saw wave.
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### Limitation
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The following features are supported:
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- Notes:
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- `C` `D` `E` `F` `G` `A` `B` (in low octave)
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- `c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `b` (in high octave)
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- Rests: `z`
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- Note lengths:
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- `A` (an eighth note)
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- `A2` (a quarter note)
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- `A3` (a dotted quarter note)
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- `A4` (a half note)
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The following features are *not* supported:
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- Sharp and flat: `^C` `_C`
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- But it is possible to emit the half tones. Do you see how?
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- Shorter note lengths than 1: `C1/2`
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- But you can use `C0.5` instead.
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- Higher and lower notes: `c'` `C,`
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- Any meta fields: `T:title` `L:1/4`
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- Bar line, repeat, ties and slurs, and everything else.
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### Known Bugs
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You can *not* write a note length immediately followed by a note `E`,
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such as `C2E2`.
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Can you know why?
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You can work it around by inserting a whitespace: `C2 E2`.
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### Portability
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I tested it on:
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* Ubuntu 13.10 with gcc 4.7.3, clang 3.2, and tcc 0.9.25.
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* Mac OS X 10.6 with gcc 4.2.1 and clang 1.7.
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### Legal
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I believe that all the scores that I attached are out-of-copyright.
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I did write a score of the Happy Birthday song too.
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(It does not matter because the song is out-of-copyright in my country.)
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But I do not attach it to protect you from W\*\*\*\*r.
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For the same reason, do not play a score that contains only `z1092`.
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You know, it is ["the famous song"](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4%E2%80%B233%E2%80%B3).
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### Spoiler (rot13)
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Urer vf n zntvpny rkcerffvba juvpu V sbhaq ol oehgr-sbepr:
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(p % 32 + 5) * 9 / 5 % 13 + a / 32 * 12 - 22
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Vagrerfgvatyl, vg pbairegf na NFPVV ahzore bs NOP abgrf
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gb gur pbeerfcbaqvat gbar ahzore.
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'P' (NFPVV 67) => 3
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'Q' (NFPVV 68) => 5
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'R' (NFPVV 69) => 7
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'S' (NFPVV 70) => 9
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'T' (NFPVV 71) => 10
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'N' (NFPVV 65) => 12
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'O' (NFPVV 66) => 14
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'p' (NFPVV 99) => 15
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'q' (NFPVV 100) => 17
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'r' (NFPVV 101) => 19
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's' (NFPVV 102) => 20
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't' (NFPVV 103) => 22
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'n' (NFPVV 97) => 24
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'o' (NFPVV 98) => 26
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Ol gur jnl, lbh pna jevgr n unys-gbar ol gur sbyybjvat punenpgref.
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'X' => 4 (= P#)
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'Y' => 6 (= Q#)
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'H' => 8 (= S#)
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'I' => 11 (= T#)
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'C' => 13 (= N#)
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Abgr gung gur gbar ahzoref fvzcyl rahzrengr gur frzv-gbar fgrcf.
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Fb jr pna pnyphyngr gur serdhrapl rnfvyl: `cbj(2, a / 12.0)`.
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Gura, ubj pna jr pnyphyngr `cbj` jvgubhg `zngu.u`?
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`cbj(2, 1.0 / 12.0)` vf nccebkvzngrq ol `89/84.`.
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(V sbhaq guvf nccebkvzngvba ol hfvat [Fgrea-Oebpbg gerr](uggc://ra.jvxvcrqvn.bet/jvxv/Fgrea%R2%80%93Oebpbg_gerr).)
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Jr pna tnva gur serdhrapl ol zhygvcylvat gur inyhr `a` gvzrf.
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Svanyyl, gur sbyybjvat pbqr trarengrf n fnj jnir:
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sbe(p = 0; p < yra; p++) chgpune(n = a * Q);
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jurer `Q` vf n serdhrapl naq `n` vf n inevnoyr jubfr glcr vf pune.
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Ol nffvtavat sybng gb pune inevnoyr, gur vzcyvpvg glcr pbairegvba vf cresbezrq sebz sybng gb pune (zbqhyb 256).
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(Fgevpgyl fcrnxvat, guvf orunivbe vf haqrsvarq nppbeqvat gb 6.3.1.4 va P99;
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lbh pna ercynpr vg jvgu `(ybat)(a*Q)` vs lbh ner crqnagvp.)
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Nyy gung jnf yrsg jnf gb pbzovar naq pbaqrafr gur pbzcbaragf.
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Gur xrl vf fdhnfuvat gurz vagb whfg bar sbe-ybbc.
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--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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<!--
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(c) Copyright 1984-2015, [Leo Broukhis, Simon Cooper, Landon Curt Noll][judges] - All rights reserved
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This work is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License][cc].
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[judges]: http://www.ioccc.org/judges.html
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[cc]: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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-->
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