NOTE: the file was added to the entry so there is no need to download it.
+
You can also try other programs from the Web. Many example programs are in the official
[Unlambda distribution][3] on the Unlambda homepage. The most complex programs there are
entries from [quine contest][4].
@@ -97,18 +113,21 @@ It will build the tool and use it to build an alternative program `prog2`, which
produce an Unlambda program `identify.unl`. `make identify` runs this program to identify
itself.
-The base program (`prog`) implements an interpreter of Unlambda 2.0. It recognises all its
-builtins (`k`, `s`, `i`, `v`, `c`, `d`, `.x`, `e`, `@`, `?x` and `|`) including the syntactic sugar function
-`r` and formatting properties in the form of ignoring whitespace and comments
-to the end of line introduced by the `#` character.
+The base program (`prog`) implements an interpreter of Unlambda 2.0. It
+recognises all its builtins (`k`, `s`, `i`, `v`, `c`, `d`, `.x`, `e`, `@`, `?x`
+and `|`) including the syntactic sugar function `r` and formatting properties in
+the form of ignoring whitespace and comments to the end of line introduced by
+the `#` character.
-In case of wrong usage (missing Unlambda program file or missing parameter) or use of an unseekable
-Unlambda program source if it uses the `c` function, the program returns message `fail`. It
-also informs you about syntactic errors in the Unlambda program should there be any (but only
-when the execution reaches them).
+In case of wrong usage (missing Unlambda program file or missing parameter) or
+use of an unseekable (`fseek(3)`) Unlambda program source if it uses the `c`
+function, the program returns the message `fail`. It also informs you about
+syntactic errors in the Unlambda program should there be any (but only when the
+execution reaches them).
+
+The Unlambda source file may contain several Unlambda programs. The interpreter
+will run them all in sequence.
-The Unlambda source file may contain several Unlambda programs. The interpreter will run
-them all in sequence.
### Unlambda
@@ -117,19 +136,21 @@ a brief introduction or its [homepage][2] for an in depth discussion. For furthe
can visit Wikipedia pages on [Lambda Calculus][6] and [Combinatory Logic][7].
You can also play with an [online interpreter][8] by GitHub user inazz. There you can
-debug one of example programs provided or try your wits in writing your own.
+debug one of the example programs provided or try your wits in writing your own.
+
### Hints:
Here are some pointers where to start when trying to understand the interpreter:
-- Where is syntax error detected?
+- Where are syntax errors detected?
- How is the memory managed?
- How does a program character turn into a function?
-- How does exit function *e* work?
-- Can fD0 function be called?
+- How does exit function `e` work?
+- Can `fD0` function be called?
- Are the function names familiar? (warning: some are misleading)
+
### Obfuscation sources
- The elephant in the room is the Unlambda language. As we all know, functional
@@ -138,19 +159,21 @@ unintelligible and hard to code in. Most of its functions are quite simple and
straightforward to implement, but two make it a mess: the promise operator `d`
and the call with current continuation `c`.
- Most of the additional obfuscation is derived from basic design choices. That
-is, how the state of the program is stored and how are the Unlambda functions
+is, how the state of the program is stored and how the Unlambda functions are
implemented.
More on this in the **Spoilers** section.
+
### Build notes:
The program does not require any special treatment by compilers. Some warnings
had to be suppressed when compiling with `-Wall -Wextra -pedantic`. Those were
produced because of the formatting of the source code, not any programming
-technique. Compilation with `-Weverything` produced many more warnings, but those
-are only relevant for multi-source-file projects and some are really questionable
-(e.g. `-Wdisabled-macro-expansion`).
+technique. Compilation with `clang -Weverything` produced many more warnings,
+but those are only relevant for multi-source-file projects and some are really
+questionable (e.g. `-Wdisabled-macro-expansion`).
+
### Portability:
@@ -164,21 +187,22 @@ without it, but the stack runs out quickly with some Unlambda programs (e.g.
segfault). Clang with `-O3` option does this optimization well and said example
does not segfault with it. I was not able to force GCC to optimize it out
(probably an operator fault).
-- The only data structure of the program (the union structure) had much more
-members originally. I joined all integers to a single long long member in the
+- The only data structure of the program (the `union`) had much more
+members originally. I joined all integers to a single `long long` member in the
name of obfuscation. It is used for reference counting (only 1 for every
reference) among other uses. `size_t` should be used for that, but practically,
I think the memory would run out sooner than the reference counter in any real
world situation even when `size_t` is bigger than `long long`. It is also used
-for storing chars for later printing. This might produce some warnings, but
-since it was developed using chars it should be always used safely.
+for storing `char`s for later printing. This might produce some warnings, but
+since it was developed using `char`s it should be always used safely.
+
### Spoilers:
- You can examine the [progSpoiler.c](progSpoiler.c) file. It is the original
final version of the interpreter, before I started the downsizing. It accepts
-one more optional parameter that specifies filename for the output Unlambda
-function (it's the Unlambda function, that remains after all function
+one more optional parameter that specifies a filename for the output Unlambda
+function (it's the Unlambda function that remains after all function
applications are done). When no filename is provided, `stderr` is used.
The function *output* is used for this additional functionality. You can use
@@ -209,32 +233,34 @@ away, and the stack stored in the continuation is restored.
This makes implementation of a complete debugger a bit more challenging.
- For this to work, the functions that do the work (i.e. make series of applications
+ For this to work, the functions that do the work (i.e. make a series of applications
and/or evaluations each of which may be a call to current continuation), the `s`
combinator and the `` ` `` application operation had to be broken down to pieces, one
for each application/evaluation and corresponding helper functions for stack
- rebuilding. (the helper functions are named beginning with *r* instead of *f*)
+ rebuilding. (the helper functions are named beginning with `r` instead of `f`)
- The `` ` `` application operation does the reading of the Unlambda source when
needed. It also implements the promise function. Whenever it would apply it, it
overwrites the Apply constructor in translation array `T`, changing its function
-to build unevaluated subtree that is later evaluated whenever the promise is
+to build an unevaluated sub-tree that is later evaluated whenever the promise is
applied.
- To further the obfuscation, I shortened the function names while downsizing,
but preserved their meaning (with the exception of Apply functions, which I
-renamed to Y to possibly confuse with Y combinator). Simple functions retained
+renamed to `Y` to possibly confuse with `Y` combinator). Simple functions retained
their names to misguide the reader to believe to know what is what. The names of
-continuation and exit functions were swapped. The names of S and Apply functions
-were shuffled both for S functions and Apply functions in the same way to hide
+continuation and exit functions were swapped. The names of `S` and Apply functions
+were shuffled both for `S` functions and Apply functions in the same way to hide
the meaning of `f` and `r` prefixes.
+
### Identification spoiler:
The alternative build path `make identify` output commemorates a [previous IOCCC
winner][9] which uses similar methods to mess with the size tool.
-### Judges' remarks spoilers:
+
+### Judges' spoilers:
It is not a bug, it is a feature. :)
@@ -249,12 +275,12 @@ system settings (on Linux) or compiler options (on Windows) if your Unlambda
program needs it. Nevertheless, it will not help the judges' program which
quickly depletes any limit you define.
-The judges, pretending not to know what they are doing, created a program that
+The judges, pretending to not know what they are doing, created a program that
grows Unlambda execution stack indefinitely. You may consider it an Unlambda
anti-pattern. Normally, infinite cycles in Unlambda work by creating two
functions and applying one to the other which creates further functions to
apply. The application of the function frees its position on the stack. This
-program builds one ever growing function that will never be complete and able to
+program builds one ever growing function that will never be complete and be able to
be applied.
[1]: https://github.com/irori/advent-unlambda "Adventure"
@@ -265,7 +291,7 @@ be applied.
[6]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambda_calculus "Lambda Calculus on Wikipedia"
[7]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combinatory_logic "Combinatory Logic on Wikipedia"
[8]: https://inazz.jp/unlambda/ "Online Unlambda interpreter"
-[9]: http://ioccc.org/2014/birken/hint.html "Best use of port 1701"
+[9]: /2014/birken/README.md "Best use of port 1701"
## Copyright and CC BY-SA 4.0 License:
diff --git a/2019/adamovsky/crash.unl b/2019/adamovsky/crash.unl
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e8b6f39b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2019/adamovsky/crash.unl
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+````.0`.0`.0`c.0``sssss
diff --git a/2019/adamovsky/try.sh b/2019/adamovsky/try.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..463ec7a25
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2019/adamovsky/try.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# try.sh - demonstrate IOCCC winner 2019/adamovsky
+#
+
+# make sure CC is set so that when we do make CC="$CC" it isn't empty. Doing it
+# this way allows us to have the user specify a different compiler in an easy
+# way.
+if [[ -z "$CC" ]]; then
+ CC="cc"
+fi
+
+make CC="$CC" all >/dev/null || exit 1
+
+# clear screen after compilation so that only the entry is shown
+clear
+
+echo 1>&2
+echo "$ ./prog spam.unl | head -n 100 | less -EXF" 1>&2
+read -r -n 1 -p "Press any key to continue: "
+echo 1>&2
+./prog spam.unl | head -n 100 | less -EXF
+echo 1>&2
+
+echo "$ ./prog sierpinski.unl | head -n 200 | less -EXF" 1>&2
+read -r -n 1 -p "Press any key to continue: "
+echo 1>&2
+./prog sierpinski.unl | head -n 200 | less -EXF
+
+echo "$ make identify" 1>&2
+make identify
+echo 1>&2
+
+read -r -p "Do you want to play Colossal Cave Adventure (Y/N)? "
+if [[ "$REPLY" == "Y" || "$REPLY" == "y" ]]; then
+ ./prog advent.unl
+fi
diff --git a/bugs.md b/bugs.md
index 3fbe713de..20744d2f8 100644
--- a/bugs.md
+++ b/bugs.md
@@ -3257,6 +3257,16 @@ The author wrote the following:
# 2019
+## 2019 adamovsky
+
+### STATUS: INABIAF - please **DO NOT** fix
+### Source code: [2019/adamovsky/prog.c](/2019/adamovsky/prog.c)
+### Information: [2019/adamovsky/README.md](/2019/adamovsky/README.md)
+
+Certain input can crash this program. The file
+[crash.unl](/2019/adamovsky/crash.unl) is an example file.
+
+
## 2019 duble
### STATUS: INABIAF - please **DO NOT** fix
diff --git a/thanks-for-help.md b/thanks-for-help.md
index 014224046..115a1b0c0 100644
--- a/thanks-for-help.md
+++ b/thanks-for-help.md
@@ -4094,6 +4094,13 @@ if the user wants to see some of the spoilers and only show them if they type
# 2019
+## [2019/adamovsky](/2019/adamovsky/prog.c) ([README.md](/2019/adamovsky/README.md]))
+
+[Cody](#cody) added the [try.sh](/2019/adamovsky/try.sh) script and the Unlambda
+file [crash.unl](/2019/adamovsky/crash.unl) which is in the judges' remarks as
+to what can crash it - but it's not a bug, it's a feature.
+
+
## [2019/burton](/2019/burton/prog.c) ([README.md](/2019/burton/README.md]))
[Cody](#cody) fixed the Makefile which had a bad character, a '%' instead of a '$' which
From 00b9181b11e8500db2ae5821098da8c73d732355 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Cody Boone Ferguson <53008573+xexyl@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 15 Dec 2023 09:27:49 -0800
Subject: [PATCH 4/4] Add 2019/burton/try.sh and other fixes/updates
The try.sh runs prog and wc side by side but in a way that is formatted
(including alignment) so it's easier to see what line is from which
program and it also runs make test.
The script cow was renamed cow.sh to help browsers with whether or not
to display or download.
The script check was renamed check.sh to help browsers with whether or
not to display or download.
The script check.sh was fixed in case the 'x' (passed in to the script
as an environmental variable) is not executable (it resets it back to
./prog) and also made to satisfy ShellCheck.
The script cow.sh was fixed for ShellCheck moo (or was it too? :-) ).
---
2019/burton/.winner.json | 4 ++--
2019/burton/Makefile | 10 +++++-----
2019/burton/README.md | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++--------
2019/burton/check | 17 -----------------
2019/burton/check.sh | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
2019/burton/cow | 19 -------------------
2019/burton/cow.sh | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
2019/burton/index.html | 2 +-
2019/burton/inventory.html | 6 +++---
2019/burton/try.sh | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
bugs.md | 10 ++++++++++
thanks-for-help.md | 11 +++++++++++
12 files changed, 136 insertions(+), 55 deletions(-)
delete mode 100755 2019/burton/check
create mode 100755 2019/burton/check.sh
delete mode 100755 2019/burton/cow
create mode 100755 2019/burton/cow.sh
create mode 100755 2019/burton/try.sh
diff --git a/2019/burton/.winner.json b/2019/burton/.winner.json
index 9a529607b..eb3ee5389 100644
--- a/2019/burton/.winner.json
+++ b/2019/burton/.winner.json
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@
"winners_text" : "original source"
},
{
- "file_path" : "check",
+ "file_path" : "check.sh",
"winners_rank" : 100,
"created_by" : null,
"prog" : null,
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
"winners_text" : "test suite"
},
{
- "file_path" : "cow",
+ "file_path" : "cow.sh",
"winners_rank" : 100,
"created_by" : null,
"prog" : null,
diff --git a/2019/burton/Makefile b/2019/burton/Makefile
index be278696f..8ce2535fc 100644
--- a/2019/burton/Makefile
+++ b/2019/burton/Makefile
@@ -139,12 +139,12 @@ remarks: README.md
${RM} -f $@
${CP} $? $@
-correct: newlines remarks 256 check
- env out=${CAT} ${SHELL} ./check ${WC} > $@
+correct: newlines remarks 256 check.sh
+ env out=${CAT} ${SHELL} ./check.sh ${WC} > $@
-test: ${PROG} ${PROG}.clean correct check
- -${SHELL} ./check ./${PROG}
- -${SHELL} ./check ./${PROG}.clean
+test: ${PROG} ${PROG}.clean correct check.sh
+ -${SHELL} ./check.sh ./${PROG}
+ -${SHELL} ./check.sh ./${PROG}.clean
# alternative executable
#
diff --git a/2019/burton/README.md b/2019/burton/README.md
index 4684fb15c..cc473cfcd 100644
--- a/2019/burton/README.md
+++ b/2019/burton/README.md
@@ -5,17 +5,30 @@ make
```
+### Bugs and (Mis)features:
+
+The current status of this entry is:
+
+```
+STATUS: INABIAF - please **DO NOT** fix
+```
+
+For more detailed information see [2019 burton in bugs.md](/bugs.md#2019-burton).
+
+
## To use:
```sh
-./prog < prog.c
+./prog < file
+
+./cow file
```
### Try:
```sh
-echo "Do or do not. There is no try."
+./try.sh
```
@@ -30,7 +43,7 @@ unix utilities available as winning entries.
### Synopsis:
-Feed it anything on stdin.
+Feed it anything on `stdin`.
The output should look familiar.
Compiles cleanly with:
@@ -44,11 +57,11 @@ cc -Wall -Wextra -Weverything -pedantic $WARN -include stdio.h -o prog prog.c
Included is a test script, useful for the corner cases. As in all good Unix
programs, it is silent upon success; any output demonstrates an error. Instead
-of checking correctness, the check script can simply output the results: (The
-Makefile contains the spoiler):
+of checking correctness, the [check.sh](check.sh) script can simply output the
+results: (The Makefile contains the spoiler):
```sh
-out=cat ./check ./prog
+out=cat ./check.sh ./prog
```
Interestingly, and a spoiler here: macOS and FreeBSD implement the common
@@ -60,20 +73,24 @@ on these systems omit these characters from the description.
This program follows FreeBSD and macOS, the arbiters of correct for these purposes.
+
### Limits:
Requires the C locale and ASCII character set.
Input should be less than ten million octets "toavoidthisproblem".
+
### See Also:
You can enjoy this code from beginning to end.
No whitespace was harmed in the creation of this program.
All your base belong to us, but the constants seem a bit ... off?
+
### Bonus
-The script `cow` provides a closer analog, and perhaps a more useful interface.
+The script [cow.sh](cow.sh) provides a closer analog, and perhaps a more useful
+interface.
Included is a version without compilation warnings:
@@ -83,7 +100,7 @@ cc -Wall -Wextra -Weverything -pedantic -include stdio.h -o prog.clean prog.clea
### Bugs
-The flags are not supported. Although they could easily be added into `cow`.
+The flags are not supported. Although they could easily be added into `cow.sh`.
This exercise left to the reader.
diff --git a/2019/burton/check b/2019/burton/check
deleted file mode 100755
index b8f925ee5..000000000
--- a/2019/burton/check
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,17 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-x=$1
-: ${x:=./prog}
-
-: ${out:="diff - correct"}
-
-(
-/bin/echo -n | $x
-$x < /dev/null
-echo | $x
-/bin/echo -n a | $x
-echo a | $x
-$x < newlines
-$x < 256
-$x < remarks
-) | $out
diff --git a/2019/burton/check.sh b/2019/burton/check.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..5be27498e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2019/burton/check.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+x=$1
+: "${x:=./prog}"
+
+if [[ ! -x "$x" ]]; then
+ x="./prog"
+fi
+
+: "${out:="diff - correct"}"
+
+(
+/bin/echo -n | $x
+$x < /dev/null
+echo | $x
+/bin/echo -n a | $x
+echo a | $x
+$x < newlines
+# ^---^ SC2210 (warning): This is a file redirection. Was it supposed to be a comparison or fd operation?
+# Answer: 256 is a file so it is supposed to be file redirection.
+# shellcheck disable=SC2210
+$x < 256
+$x < remarks
+) | $out
diff --git a/2019/burton/cow b/2019/burton/cow
deleted file mode 100755
index 968db55eb..000000000
--- a/2019/burton/cow
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,19 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env bash
-
-if test $# -eq 0; then
- ./prog
- exit 0
-fi
-
-args=$*
-for name in $args
-do if test -r $name; then
- s=$(./prog < $name)
- echo "$s" $name
- set -- $s
- ((a += $1))
- ((b += $2))
- ((c += $3))
- ((d += 1))
-fi; done
-((d > 1)) && printf "%8d%8d%8d total\n" $a $b $c
diff --git a/2019/burton/cow.sh b/2019/burton/cow.sh
new file mode 100755
index 000000000..0c6ef792d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/2019/burton/cow.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+
+if test $# -eq 0; then
+ ./prog
+ exit 0
+fi
+
+args=$*
+for name in $args
+do if test -r "$name"; then
+ s=$(./prog < "$name")
+ echo "$s" "$name"
+ # We have to disable this warning to prevent ShellCheck from being a cow.sh
+ # (or, to use Bart Simpson's advice, make it 'not have a cow.sh'), as we
+ # actually need this to happen:
+ #
+ # ^-- SC2086 (info): Double quote to prevent globbing and word splitting.
+ #
+ # shellcheck disable=SC2086
+ set -- $s
+ ((a += $1))
+ ((b += $2))
+ ((c += $3))
+ ((d += 1))
+fi; done
+((d > 1)) && printf "%8d%8d%8d total\n" "$a" "$b" "$c"
diff --git a/2019/burton/index.html b/2019/burton/index.html
index 0bf4cd72d..d14fbd2cf 100644
--- a/2019/burton/index.html
+++ b/2019/burton/index.html
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
-Nu Html check https://ioccc-src.github.io/temp-test-ioccc/2019/burton/index.html
+Nu Html check.sh https://ioccc-src.github.io/temp-test-ioccc/2019/burton/index.html