Final fixes for IOCCC guidelines/rules

Fixed broken links.

Restored text that was accidentally removed during the emergency
recovery of guidelines some days back.

Moved some text that was in the wrong place.

The formatting of the markdown files was changed for shorter lines (for
those viewing the markdown in a viewer rather than a web browser).

Added a <div id> to 2024/index.html so the guidelines (or maybe rules)
could link to the important note from the judges in IOCCC28.

Restore rewording of rule 2b done by @SirWumpus.

2024/index.html

@@ -510,7 +510,9 @@ eclipsing the record of 15 winners!</p>
 people extra time to improve their submissions, we also believe that people
 submitting to the IOCCC have become more adept in obfuscation and have
 become more skilled in the programming in the C language.</p>
+<div id="rule2">
 <h3 id="code-size-and-rule-2">Code size and Rule 2</h3>
+</div>
 <p>We were pleased to observe that while the <a href="../faq.html#size_rule_history">IOCCC size limit</a>
 increased by about 21%, we received many submissions that were well under the new
 <a href="rules.html#rule2">Rule 2</a> including a fair number of quality