improve markdown to HTML tools, build location.html, authors.html, years.html

Renamed `.winner.json` to `.entry.json` as per recent decisions made for issue #2156.

JSON element _winner_JSON_format_version_ renamed to _entry_JSON_format_version_
in `.winner.json`.

Changed _entry_JSON_format_version_ from "1.0 2024-01-14" to "1.1 2024-02-11".

JSON element _winner_id_ renamed to _entry_id_ in `.entry.json`
JSON element _winner_text renamed to _entry_text_ in `.entry.json`
JSON element _winner_id_ renamed to _entry_id_ in `author/author_handle.json` files.

Changed _author_JSON_format_version_ from "1.0 2023-06-10" to "1.1 2024-02-11".

Renamed `tmp/gen_winner_json.sh` to `tmp/gen_entry_json.sh`.

Renamed `tmp/example.dot_winner.json` to `tmp/example.dot_entry.json`.

Renamed `tmp/winner_id.txt` to `tmp/entry_id.txt`.

Renamed `tmp/winner_dir.txt` to `tmp/entry_dir.txt`.

Moved outdated `tmp/awards_check.sh` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/awards_check.sh`.
Moved outdated `tmp/awards_check.sh` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/awards_check.sh`.
Moved outdated `tmp/src/winner_name` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/winner_name`.
Moved outdated `tmp/sql` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/sql`.
Moved outdated `tmp/template-footer.html` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/template-footer.html`.
Moved outdated `tmp/template-header.html` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/template-header.html`.
Moved outdated `tmp/template-top.html` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/template-top.html`.
Moved outdated `tmp/test.html` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/test.html`.
Moved outdated `tmp/fake.gen_index.sh` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/fake.gen_index.sh`.
Moved outdated `tmp/old-ioccc.css` into `tmp/OLD_manifest/old-ioccc.css`.

Removed winner_name from `tmp/src/Makefile`.

Updated `tmp/example.dot_entry.json` to reflect the above JSON changes.

Updated `tmp/manifest.numbers` to reflect the above JSON changes.

Updated `tmp/README.md` to reflect the above JSON changes.
Sorted `tmp/README.md` by existing `tmp` filenames.

Updated all `.entry.json` files to reflect the above JSON changes.

Updated all `author/author_handle.json` files to reflect the above JSON changes.

Added new tool `bin/gen-location.sh` to form the top level file `location.html`
from `author/author_handle.json` files!

Added new tool `bin/gen-years.sh` to form the top level file `years.html`
using `.top`, `.year` and `.entry.json' files!

Added new tool `bin/gen-authors.sh` to form a new top level file
`/authors.html` from `author/author_handle.json` and related
`.entry.json' files!

The old `winners.html` file now redirects to the new `authors.html` file.

Renamed `bin/gen-author.sh` to `bin/output-index-author.sh`.
Renamed `bin/subst.winner-index.sh` to `subst.entry-index.sh`.
Renamed `bin/subst.winner-index.awk` to `subst.entry-index.awk`.
Renamed `bin/manifest.entry.json.awk` to `bin/manifest.entry.json.awk`.
Renamed `bin/gen-inventory.sh` to `bin/output-index-inventory.sh`.
Renamed `bin/sort.gitignore` to `bin/sort.gitignore.sh`.
Renamed `bin/sgi` to `bin/sgi.sh`.

The core logic of converting markdown to HTML has been
generalized into a new `bin/md2html.sh` tool.

The `bin/readme2index.sh` tool now calls the
new `bin/md2html.sh` tool to form entry's `index.html` files.

The `bin/quick-readme2index.sh` tool now calls the new `bin/md2html.sh`
tool, unless the `index.html` is newer than both `.entry.json` and
`README.md`, to form entry `index.html` files.

Increased, slightly, the speed of the `bin/quick-readme2index.sh` tool
with the entry's `index.html` file does not need to be updated.

The `bin/quick-readme2index.sh` tool will touch the `index.html` file,
even if the `bin/md2html.sh` tool determines that the `index.html` file
did not change, so that the `index.html` file will not appear
out of date with respect to `.entry.json`.

Slightly improved the look and feel of `index.html` files for entries.

The logic of `bin/all-run.sh` has been improved.  The initial
processing, from first bash version check, thru the -N test, serves
as the model for the `bin/readme2index.sh` tool and the
`bin/quick-readme2index.sh` tool.  There tools now share
a common set of command line options.

Changed the format of `inc/md2html.cfg` so that for a given "_file_glob_"
match, options follow, one per line.  The "_file_glob_" is on a line
by itself.  The option lines that follow must be intended:

```
[12][0-9][0-9][0-9]/README.md
	-H
	topnav=year
	-o
	bin/subst.default.sh
	-o
	bin/subst.year.sh
```

Added "-D ./" to top level markdown files in `inc/md2html.cfg`.

The above intending is performed with 1 or more whitespace
characters, although we use a leading tab "convention"
out of deference to Makefile formats. :-)

Once a new "_file_glob_" is found, the set of any previous
option lines is said to have ended.

The general argument processing logic now makes used of shell arrays.

Added checks in the `bin/md2html.sh` tool to disallow a "_file_glob_"
of . (dot) as this is used internally to help the shell process the
new `inc/md2html.cfg` format.

Changed `bin/all-run.sh` VERSION from "1.1.2 2024-01-20"
to "1.3 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/output-index-author.sh` VERSION from "1.3.1 2024-01-16"
to "1.4 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/pandoc-wrapper.sh` VERSION from "1.3.2 2024-01-19"
to "1.4 2024-02-05".

Changed `bin/quick-readme2index.sh` VERSION from "1.0 2024-01-20"
to "1.1 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/readme2index.sh` VERSION from "1.1.1 2024-01-20"
to "1.2 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/subst.default.sh` VERSION from "1.1.1 2024-01-16"
to "1.2 2024-02-05".

Changed `bin/subst.entry-index.sh` VERSION from "1.1.1 2024-01-16
to "1.2 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/output-index-inventory.sh` VERSION from "1.0.1 2024-01-16"
to "1.1 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/manifest.entry.json.awk` from "1.0 2024-01-14"
to "1.1 2024-02-11".

Changed `bin/sort.gitignore.sh` from "1.0 2024-02-01"
to "1.1 2024-02-11".

Changed substitution symbol _%%DOCROOT_URL_SLASH%%_ to _%%DOCROOT_SLASH%%_
in various "inc/*.html" files.

Moved setting of symbol _%%DOCROOT_SLASH%%_ from `bin/subst.entry-index.sh`
to `bin/subst.default.sh`.

Changed the variable _$DOCROOT_URL_SLASH_ to _$DOCROOT_SLASH_, in
bin tools that use it, to be more descriptive.

Removed `-P pandoc_opts` from `bin/*.sh` command lines.
The PANDOC_WRAPPER_OPTSTR value is only used in `bin/pandoc-wrapper.sh`.

Removed `-B optstr` and `-A optstr` from the `bin/md2html.sh` command line.

Removed `[-O tool=optstr ..]` from the `bin/md2html.sh` command line.

Removed old use of `-U top_url` from command lines.
Add `-w site_url` as sort of a "replacement" for the old `-U top_url`.

Added a new `-U URL` to `bin/gen-author.sh`, `bin/output-index-inventory.sh`,
`bin/md2html.sh`, `bin/subst.default.sh`, and `bin/subst.entry-index.sh`
to allow for the Nu HTML check can use the encoded absolute URL of
the HTML page.

Added `-t tagline` to most command lines.

Added `-T md2html.sh` to most command lines.

Added `-D docroot/` to most command lines to set DOCROOT_SLASH.
The DOCROOT_SLASH value defaults to "../../" for most in tools,
suitable for HTML files under a `YYYY/dir` directory, except for
`bin/gen-location.sh` and `gen-entries-html.sh` (as this produces a
top level HTML file) and `bin/md2html.sh` (forms files at any level)
who use "./" instead.

In the case of `bin/output-index-inventory.sh`, `bin/quick-readme2index.sh`,
`bin/readme2index.sh`, and `bin/all-run.sh`

Helped make the use of exit code in bin tools a bit more consistent.

Fixed a number of typos in the bin tools.

Added comments for lower level tools such as
`manifest.entry.json.awk`, `bin/subst.default.sh`,
`bin/subst.entry-index.sh`, and bin/`manifest.entry.json.awk` to
indicate how they are usually invoked by other tools.

Changed the comments that a new `bin/md2html.sh` tool (that was the
`bin/readme2index.sh` tool) would add to a entry's `index.html` file.
No longer will it add the tool version number to the comment.  Thus,
a change in tool version will not force all entry `index.html`
files to be modified.  Now both the tool adds two comments, one
is the _tagline_ to indicate how the markdown content was generated,
and one for the new `bin/md2html.sh` tool.  For example:

```
<!-- The original markdown content was formed by the tool: bin/quick-readme2index.sh -->
<!-- The HTML was converted from markdown by the tool: bin/md2html.sh -->
```

Improve the debugging, especially in regards to changing important
exported shell variables, in `bin/md2html.sh`.  Other bin tools
have their exported shell variables improved somewhat as well.

The `bin/README.md` now describes the general _converting markdown
to HTML_ procedure including _getopt phases_ and _HTML phases_.
Content from `inc/md2html.cfg` and `bin/readme2index.sh` that related
to this topic has been centralized into the `bin/README.md` file.

Improved formatting of the `bin/README.md` file.  Updated it as needed
according to the above.

Sorted `2011/.year`, `2018/.year`, and `2019/.year` to be in dictionary order.
Adjusted ${WINNERS} in year Makefile to use dictionary order so
that `make genpath` will produce `.year` files in dictionary order.

FYI: We tested this massive set of changes as best as we could.
     Nevertheless we might have missing something in the JSON changes,
     `.entry.json` renames, manifest updates, code comments, etc.

2014/sinon/index.html

@@ -10,17 +10,18 @@
 <!-- -->
 <!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/top.default.html -->
 <!-- -->
-<!-- This file was formed by the tool: bin/readme2index.sh version: 1.1.1 2024-01-20 -->
+<!-- The original markdown content was formed by the tool: bin/readme2index.sh -->
+<!-- The HTML was converted from markdown by the tool: bin/md2html.sh -->
 <!-- -->
 <!-- START: this line starts content from: inc/head.default.html -->
 
 <head>
-<link rel="stylesheet" href="/temp-test-ioccc/ioccc.css">
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="../../ioccc.css">
 <meta charset="utf-8">
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes">
-<title>2014/sinon</title>
-<meta name="description" content="2014 IOCCC winner sinon">
-<meta name="keywords" content="IOCCC, 2014, IOCCC 2014, IOCCC winner, sinon">
+<title>2014/sinon - Best choice of optimization</title>
+<meta name="description" content="2014 IOCCC winner sinon - Best choice of optimization">
+<meta name="keywords" content="IOCCC, 2014, IOCCC 2014, IOCCC winner, sinon, Best choice of optimization">
 </head>
 
 <!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/head.default.html -->
@@ -32,9 +33,9 @@
 <!-- START: this line starts content from: inc/header.default.html -->
 
 <div class="header">
-  <img src="/temp-test-ioccc/png/ioccc.png" alt="IOCCC image by Matt Zucker" width=300 height=110>
+  <img src="../../png/ioccc.png" alt="IOCCC image by Matt Zucker" width=300 height=110>
   <h1>The International Obfuscated C Code Contest</h1>
-  <h2>2014/sinon</h2>
+  <h2>2014/sinon - Best choice of optimization</h2>
 </div>
 
 <!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/header.default.html -->
@@ -65,28 +66,28 @@
     </div>
     <hr>
     <div class="sidenav">
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/index.html">IOCCC Home</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/years.html">Winning Entries</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/winners.html">People who have won</a>
+      <a href="../../index.html">IOCCC Home</a>
+      <a href="../../years.html">Winning Entries</a>
+      <a href="../../winners.html">People who have won</a>
     </div>
     <hr>
     <div class="sidenav">
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/news.html">IOCCC News</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/faq.html#submit">How to enter the IOCCC</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/faq.html">FAQ</a>
+      <a href="../../news.html">IOCCC News</a>
+      <a href="../../faq.html#submit">How to enter the IOCCC</a>
+      <a href="../../faq.html">FAQ</a>
     </div>
     <hr>
     <div class="sidenav">
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/bugs.html">Bugs &amp; (mis)features</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/faq.html#fix_a_winner">Fixing IOCCC winners</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/faq.html#fix_web_site">Fixing the web site</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/faq.html#fix_author">Fixing winner info</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/thanks-for-help.html">Thanks for the help</a>
+      <a href="../../bugs.html">Bugs &amp; (mis)features</a>
+      <a href="../../faq.html#fix_a_winner">Fixing IOCCC winners</a>
+      <a href="../../faq.html#fix_web_site">Fixing the web site</a>
+      <a href="../../faq.html#fix_author">Fixing winner info</a>
+      <a href="../../thanks-for-help.html">Thanks for the help</a>
     </div>
     <hr>
     <div class="sidenav">
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/judges.html">The IOCCC Judges</a>
-      <a href="/temp-test-ioccc/contact.html">Contacting the IOCCC</a>
+      <a href="../../judges.html">The IOCCC Judges</a>
+      <a href="../../contact.html">Contacting the IOCCC</a>
     </div>
     <hr>
     <div class="sidenav">
@@ -109,17 +110,21 @@
     <a name="content"></a>
 
 <!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/before-content.default.html -->
-<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/gen-author.sh -->
+<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/output-index-author.sh -->
 
-<p><a name="author"><strong>Author:</strong></a> <br><br>Name: <a
-href="/temp-test-ioccc/winners.html#Don_Yang">Don Yang</a><br> Location:
-<a href="/temp-test-ioccc/location.html#US">US</a></p>
+<h2 id="author"><a name="author"></a>Author:</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>Name: <a href="../../authors.html#Don_Yang">Don Yang</a><br>
+Location: <a href="../../location.html#US">US</a> <br><br></li>
+</ul>
 
-<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/gen-author.sh -->
+<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/output-index-author.sh -->
 <h2 id="to-build">To build:</h2>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb1"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb1-1"><a href="#cb1-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">make</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <h2 id="to-use">To use:</h2>
-<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">cp</span> <span class="at">-f</span> prog.c run.c<span class="kw">;</span> <span class="ex">./hecate.sh</span></span></code></pre></div>
+<div class="sourceCode" id="cb2"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb2-1"><a href="#cb2-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./hecate.sh</span></span>
+<span id="cb2-2"><a href="#cb2-2" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a></span>
+<span id="cb2-3"><a href="#cb2-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./glock.sh</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <h2 id="try">Try:</h2>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./try.sh</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p>This script will ask you if you wish to try again after each run.
@@ -131,8 +136,8 @@ with which it had been compiled. Is this an example of undefined
 behavior or unspecified behavior?</p>
 <h2 id="authors-remarks">Author’s remarks:</h2>
 <h3 id="summary">Summary</h3>
-<p>Sinon is a game of timing, the goal is to eliminate all enemies in
-under one minute.</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> is a game of timing, the goal is to eliminate all
+enemies in under one minute.</p>
 <p>To start, compile and run the program. To resume, compile and run the
 output repeatedly until you have won/lost the game. For example:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">cp</span> prog.c run.c</span>
@@ -140,8 +145,8 @@ output repeatedly until you have won/lost the game. For example:</p>
 <span id="cb4-3"><a href="#cb4-3" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">gcc</span> <span class="at">-O2</span> run.c <span class="at">-o</span> run <span class="kw">&amp;&amp;</span> <span class="ex">./run</span> <span class="kw">|</span> <span class="fu">tee</span> run.c</span>
 <span id="cb4-4"><a href="#cb4-4" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">...</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <h3 id="details">Details</h3>
-<p>Sinon is played by compiling and running the output repeatedly. Two
-factors determine what actions are taken:</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> is played by compiling and running the output
+repeatedly. Two factors determine what actions are taken:</p>
 <ul>
 <li>Time since last compilation.</li>
 <li>Whether compiler optimizations are enabled or not.</li>
@@ -150,8 +155,8 @@ factors determine what actions are taken:</p>
 you will not be able to eliminate all the enemies in time. Thus the
 primary objective of the game is to time your compilations just
 right.</p>
-<p>Sinon has two weapons that are selected based on compiler
-optimization level:</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> has two weapons that are selected based on
+compiler optimization level:</p>
 <ul>
 <li><p>“gcc -O2” or “clang -O2” will fire Hecate II, a powerful rifle
 that requires longer time to cool off.</p></li>
@@ -167,7 +172,8 @@ will need to be more precise. This is effectively playing the game on
 “hard” mode. It is worth trying this mode even if you have the right
 compilers.</p>
 <h3 id="compatibility">Compatibility</h3>
-<p>Sinon has been tested and verified to work on these platforms:</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> has been tested and verified to work on these
+platforms:</p>
 <ul>
 <li>gcc 4.4.3 on Linux.</li>
 <li>gcc 4.4.5 on Linux.</li>
@@ -180,20 +186,20 @@ takes too long to compile).</li>
 <li>tcc 0.9.25 on JS/Linux (no optimization, so only “hard” mode is
 available).</li>
 </ul>
-<p>Sinon is intended to be played in a 80x25 terminal.</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> is intended to be played in a 80x25 terminal.</p>
 <h3 id="miscellaneous-features">Miscellaneous features</h3>
-<p>Sinon might be the first game that uses compiler optimization level
-as a primary input.</p>
-<p>Sinon has a demo mode that plays the game automatically. Make sure
-that there are no files named “run” and “run.c” in current directory
-(they will be overwritten) and run:</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> might be the first game that uses compiler
+optimization level as a primary input.</p>
+<p><code>Sinon</code> has a demo mode that plays the game automatically.
+Make sure that there are no files named “run” and “run.c” in current
+directory (they will be overwritten) and run:</p>
 <div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="fu">perl</span> prog.c <span class="kw">|</span> <span class="fu">bash</span></span></code></pre></div>
 <p>File size and CRC32 of <a href="prog.c">prog.c</a> are embedded in
 line 7.</p>
-<p>Process for making Sinon is included in <a
+<p>Process for making <code>Sinon</code> is included in <a
 href="spoiler.html">spoiler.html</a>.</p>
-<p>Layout of this code is based on Asada Shino, also known as “Sinon”,
-from Sword Art Online.</p>
+<p>Layout of this code is based on Asada Shino, also known as
+“<code>Sinon</code>”, from Sword Art Online.</p>
 <h2 id="copyright-and-cc-by-sa-4.0-license">Copyright and CC BY-SA 4.0
 License:</h2>
 <p>This file is Copyright (c) 2023 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights
@@ -202,19 +208,19 @@ this license:</p>
 <pre><code>Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)</code></pre>
 <p>For more information, see:
 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</p>
-<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/gen-inventory.sh -->
+<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
 
 <h1 id="inventory-for-2014sinon"><a name="inventory"></a>Inventory for
 2014/sinon</h1>
 <h2 id="primary-files">Primary files</h2>
 <ul>
-<li><a href="index.html">index.html</a> - winner home page</li>
+<li><a href="index.html">index.html</a> - entry home page</li>
 <li><a
 href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/prog.c">prog.c</a>
 - winning source</li>
 <li><a
 href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/Makefile">Makefile</a>
-- winner Makefile</li>
+- entry Makefile</li>
 <li><a
 href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/prog.orig.c">prog.orig.c</a>
 - original source</li>
@@ -234,18 +240,18 @@ winning source</li>
 <h2 id="secondary-files">Secondary files</h2>
 <ul>
 <li><a
+href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/.entry.json">.entry.json</a>
+- description of entry in JSON</li>
+<li><a
 href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/.gitignore">.gitignore</a>
 - list of files that should not be committed under git</li>
 <li><a href=".path">.path</a> - directory path from top directory</li>
 <li><a
-href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/.winner.json">.winner.json</a>
-- description of winner in JSON</li>
-<li><a
 href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2014/sinon/README.md">README.md</a>
 - markdown source for index.html</li>
 </ul>
 
-<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/gen-inventory.sh -->
+<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
 <!-- START: this line starts content from: inc/after-content.default.html -->
 
 <!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/after-content.default.html -->