force use of pandoc version >= 3.1.12.2
The `bin/pandoc-wrapper.sh` tool will verify that the ssytem has a recent enough version of `pandoc(1)`. We explain why we insist on `pandoc(1)`. version >= 3.1.12.2 in comments where the $PANDOC_MIN_VERSION is set. Added `--wrap=preserve` as a default argument to `pandoc(1)`. While this change will impact every HTML file generated, we believe this will improve the ability of someone to look at the generated HTML and correlate with the original markdown. Changed `bin/pandoc-wrapper.sh` VERSION from "1.4.2 2024-03-17" to "1.4.3 2024-03-18". Performed `make www` to achieve all of the above and to generate HTML using the new `--wrap=preserve` `pandoc(1)` mode.
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@@ -129,9 +129,9 @@
|
||||
|
||||
<h2 id="author"><a name="author"></a>Author:</h2>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>Name: <a href="../../authors.html#Kimmo_Fredriksson">Kimmo
|
||||
Fredriksson</a><br> Location: <a href="../../location.html#FI">FI</a> -
|
||||
<em>Republic of Finland </em> (<em>Finland</em>) <br><br></li>
|
||||
<li>Name: <a href="../../authors.html#Kimmo_Fredriksson">Kimmo Fredriksson</a><br>
|
||||
Location: <a href="../../location.html#FI">FI</a> - <em>Republic of Finland </em> (<em>Finland</em>)
|
||||
<br><br></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/output-index-author.sh -->
|
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@@ -144,91 +144,80 @@ Fredriksson</a><br> Location: <a href="../../location.html#FI">FI</a> -
|
||||
<h3 id="bugs-and-misfeatures">Bugs and (Mis)features:</h3>
|
||||
<p>The current status of this entry is:</p>
|
||||
<pre><code>STATUS: INABIAF - please **DO NOT** fix</code></pre>
|
||||
<p>For more detailed information see <a
|
||||
href="../../bugs.html#2011_fredriksson">2011 fredriksson bugs</a>.</p>
|
||||
<p>For more detailed information see <a href="../../bugs.html#2011_fredriksson">2011 fredriksson bugs</a>.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="to-use">To use:</h2>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb3"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb3-1"><a href="#cb3-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./fredriksson</span> <span class="pp">[-</span><span class="ss">icvtnk#</span><span class="pp">]</span> regexp <span class="op"><</span> file</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h2 id="try">Try:</h2>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb4"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb4-1"><a href="#cb4-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./try.sh</span></span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>NOTE: you need to be allowed to change your stack size or else the
|
||||
last command in the script would likely cause the program to dump core,
|
||||
which is why the script checks the exit code of <code>ulimit</code>
|
||||
first.</p>
|
||||
<p>NOTE: you need to be allowed to change your stack size or else the last command
|
||||
in the script would likely cause the program to dump core, which is why the
|
||||
script checks the exit code of <code>ulimit</code> first.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="judges-remarks">Judges’ remarks:</h2>
|
||||
<p>The author of this entry was making sure that it does not win the
|
||||
“Best Short Program” award. On the outside, the program behaves as an
|
||||
approximate <code>grep</code>. On the inside, it is a <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burrows-Wheeler_transform">Burrows-Wheeler
|
||||
transform</a> decompressor that produces the source code of the actual
|
||||
obfuscated approximate <code>grep</code> program and calls it. As an
|
||||
exercise, try writing the compressor.</p>
|
||||
<p>The author of this entry was making sure that it does not win the “Best Short
|
||||
Program” award. On the outside, the program behaves as an approximate <code>grep</code>.
|
||||
On the inside, it is a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burrows-Wheeler_transform">Burrows-Wheeler
|
||||
transform</a> decompressor
|
||||
that produces the source code of the actual obfuscated approximate <code>grep</code>
|
||||
program and calls it. As an exercise, try writing the compressor.</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="authors-remarks">Author’s remarks:</h2>
|
||||
<h3 id="approximate-grep">Approximate grep</h3>
|
||||
<p>Implements a variant of <code>grep</code>.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="usage">Usage</h3>
|
||||
<p>To search regexp from file, do:</p>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb5"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb5-1"><a href="#cb5-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./fredriksson</span> <span class="pp">[-</span><span class="ss">icvtnk#</span><span class="pp">]</span> regexp <span class="op"><</span> file</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<p>Pipes might not work, see the section Limitations. The options
|
||||
<code>-i</code>, <code>-c</code>, <code>-v</code> and <code>-n</code>
|
||||
are the classic ones:</p>
|
||||
<p>Pipes might not work, see the section Limitations.
|
||||
The options <code>-i</code>, <code>-c</code>, <code>-v</code> and <code>-n</code> are the classic ones:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-i</code> Ignore case.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-c</code> Count only, prints the number of matches, but not
|
||||
the matching lines.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-c</code> Count only, prints the number of matches, but not the matching lines.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-v</code> Invert match.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-n</code> Prefixes each printed line by its line number
|
||||
(only if <code>-c</code> was not given).</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-n</code> Prefixes each printed line by its line number (only if
|
||||
<code>-c</code> was not given).</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>This version of <code>grep</code> recognizes two more options, not
|
||||
present in normal <code>grep</code> implementations:</p>
|
||||
<p>This version of <code>grep</code> recognizes two more options, not present in normal
|
||||
<code>grep</code> implementations:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-kN</code> Permit <code>N</code> insertions, deletions or
|
||||
mismatches of characters in the matches (aka <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance">edit-distance</a>).
|
||||
E.g. “<code>obfuscated</code>” matches “<code>obfuscation</code>” with
|
||||
one deletion and two mismatches. Likewise, “<code>obfuscate</code>” and
|
||||
“<code>oversimplify</code>” match with 7 <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit
|
||||
operations</a>. The default is <code>-k0</code> (i.e. exact
|
||||
match).</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-t</code> Add local transpositions to the set of allowed <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit-operations</a>.
|
||||
That is, “<code>ab</code>” matches “<code>ba</code>” with one
|
||||
transposition (swap), and “<code>obfuscated</code>” matches
|
||||
“<code>bofsuact</code>” with three swaps and two insertions, i.e. use
|
||||
<code>-tk5</code> to find this.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-kN</code> Permit <code>N</code> insertions, deletions or mismatches of characters in the
|
||||
matches (aka
|
||||
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance">edit-distance</a>). E.g.
|
||||
“<code>obfuscated</code>” matches “<code>obfuscation</code>”
|
||||
with one deletion and two mismatches. Likewise, “<code>obfuscate</code>” and
|
||||
“<code>oversimplify</code>” match with 7 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit
|
||||
operations</a>.
|
||||
The default is <code>-k0</code> (i.e. exact match).</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p><code>-t</code> Add local transpositions to the set of allowed
|
||||
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit-operations</a>.
|
||||
That is, “<code>ab</code>” matches “<code>ba</code>” with one transposition (swap), and
|
||||
“<code>obfuscated</code>” matches “<code>bofsuact</code>” with three swaps and two insertions,
|
||||
i.e. use <code>-tk5</code> to find this.</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>Of course, one could construct a standard <a
|
||||
href="https://www.regular-expressions.info">regexp</a> that matches the
|
||||
same patterns, but the problem is that such a regexp grows exponentially
|
||||
in size when the number of allowed <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit
|
||||
operations</a> is increased.</p>
|
||||
<p>Of course, one could construct a standard
|
||||
<a href="https://www.regular-expressions.info">regexp</a> that matches the same
|
||||
patterns, but the problem is that such a regexp grows exponentially in
|
||||
size when the number of allowed <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edit_distance#Formal_definition_and_properties">edit
|
||||
operations</a>
|
||||
is increased.</p>
|
||||
<p>This version does not recognize all regular expressions, but the
|
||||
following are allowed:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p>Wildcard: <code>.</code> (dot) matches any character.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Bracket expression: list of characters enclosed by <code>[</code>
|
||||
and <code>]</code>, matches any single character in the list.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Range expression: two characters separated by hyphen and enclosed
|
||||
in brackets, matches any character that is lexicographically between the
|
||||
two characters (inclusive). E.g. <code>[a-d]</code> is the same as
|
||||
<code>[abcd]</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Bracket expression: list of characters enclosed by <code>[</code> and <code>]</code>,
|
||||
matches any single character in the list.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Range expression: two characters separated by hyphen and enclosed in
|
||||
brackets, matches any character that is lexicographically between the
|
||||
two characters (inclusive). E.g. <code>[a-d]</code> is the same as <code>[abcd]</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>The special characters must be escaped, if they are to be taken
|
||||
literally (e.g. <code>\.</code> to match period). You might want to
|
||||
protect these with <code>'</code>, i.e. use <code>'foo\[bar'</code>
|
||||
instead of <code>foo\[bar</code>. If you want to use the literal
|
||||
<code>-</code> in bracket expression, protect that too
|
||||
(<code>\-</code>), otherwise this is not needed. Note that the syntax
|
||||
differs from standard (?) grep a bit, i.e. in plain grep you can use
|
||||
<code>]</code> and <code>-</code> in bracket expressions by putting
|
||||
<code>]</code> as the first character, and putting <code>-</code>
|
||||
last.</p>
|
||||
literally (e.g. <code>\.</code> to match period). You might want to protect
|
||||
these with <code>'</code>, i.e. use <code>'foo\[bar'</code> instead of <code>foo\[bar</code>. If you want to
|
||||
use the literal <code>-</code> in bracket expression, protect that too (<code>\-</code>),
|
||||
otherwise this is not needed. Note that the syntax differs from standard
|
||||
(?) grep a bit, i.e. in plain grep you can use <code>]</code> and <code>-</code> in bracket
|
||||
expressions by putting <code>]</code> as the first character, and putting <code>-</code> last.</p>
|
||||
<h3 id="other-uses">Other uses</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>You can use this in place of <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)">cat</a>. Just say</li>
|
||||
<li>You can use this in place of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)">cat</a>.
|
||||
Just say</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb6"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb6-1"><a href="#cb6-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./fredriksson</span> <span class="at">-k3</span> cat <span class="op"><</span> file</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
@@ -237,52 +226,42 @@ href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat_(Unix)">cat</a>. Just say</li>
|
||||
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb7"><pre class="sourceCode sh"><code class="sourceCode bash"><span id="cb7-1"><a href="#cb7-1" aria-hidden="true" tabindex="-1"></a><span class="ex">./fredriksson</span> <span class="at">-nk3</span> cat <span class="op"><</span> file</span></code></pre></div>
|
||||
<h3 id="other-features">Other features</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p>It is assumed that the user knows how to feed correct input to
|
||||
the program. If undefined options are given, the result is also
|
||||
undefined. This is a feature.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>It may consume huge amounts of memory, and a stack overflow may
|
||||
occur. This results in Segmentation fault (or the equivalent of your
|
||||
favorite system, such as Bus error). This is a feature, that can be used
|
||||
to detect overly long lines in the input file, such as checking the
|
||||
length of one liners in IOCCC entries, just adjust your stack size to a
|
||||
suitable threshold, and search for “<code>ioccc</code>”, with option
|
||||
<code>-vk5</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>It is assumed that the user knows how to feed correct input to the
|
||||
program. If undefined options are given, the result is also undefined.
|
||||
This is a feature.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>It may consume huge amounts of memory, and a stack overflow may occur.
|
||||
This results in Segmentation fault (or the equivalent of your favorite
|
||||
system, such as Bus error). This is a feature, that can be used to detect
|
||||
overly long lines in the input file, such as checking the length of one
|
||||
liners in IOCCC entries, just adjust your stack size to a suitable
|
||||
threshold, and search for “<code>ioccc</code>”, with option <code>-vk5</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h3 id="limitations-and-remarks">Limitations and remarks</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p>Using warning options (such as <code>-Wall</code>) when building
|
||||
gives a lot of warning, such as
|
||||
<code>suggest parentheses around '&&' within '||'</code>,
|
||||
<code>value computed is not used</code>,
|
||||
<code>implicit declaration of function 'putchar'</code>,
|
||||
<code>implicit declaration of function 'getchar'</code>,
|
||||
<code>control reaches end of non-void function</code> and
|
||||
<code>format not a string literal and no format arguments</code>. Please
|
||||
ignore them all, since they just try to tell you that the source is
|
||||
obfuscated.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Only standard input is handled. And <em>only</em> if
|
||||
<code>stdin</code> comes from a file, i.e. pipes may or may not work. If
|
||||
you want to count only (<code>-c</code> option), then this shouldn’t be
|
||||
an issue.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Using warning options (such as <code>-Wall</code>) when building gives a lot of warning,
|
||||
such as <code>suggest parentheses around '&&' within '||'</code>, <code>value computed is not used</code>, <code>implicit declaration of function 'putchar'</code>, <code>implicit declaration of function 'getchar'</code>, <code>control reaches end of non-void function</code> and <code>format not a string literal and no format arguments</code>.
|
||||
Please ignore them all, since they just try to tell you that the source
|
||||
is obfuscated.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Only standard input is handled. And <em>only</em> if <code>stdin</code> comes from a file,
|
||||
i.e. pipes may or may not work. If you want to count only (<code>-c</code> option),
|
||||
then this shouldn’t be an issue.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The total length of the (preprocessed) pattern is at most
|
||||
<code>sizeof(long)*CHAR_BIT</code>. That does not count things like
|
||||
bracket expressions or escape chars, that is, the pattern
|
||||
<code>'a[bcd]e\.f'</code> is 5 chars long, not 10 chars. That does not
|
||||
mean that the matched substring in the standard input has this limit, as
|
||||
using the edit operations can make the string longer. However, no
|
||||
assumptions are made for <code>sizeof(long)</code>. In fact, you can
|
||||
easily use <code>long long</code> instead,</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Depending on the file, it might require a lot of stack space. If
|
||||
the program segfaults (because of this), say</p>
|
||||
<code>sizeof(long)*CHAR_BIT</code>. That does not count things like bracket expressions
|
||||
or escape chars, that is, the pattern <code>'a[bcd]e\.f'</code> is 5 chars long, not
|
||||
10 chars. That does not mean that the matched substring in the standard
|
||||
input has this limit, as using the edit operations can make the string
|
||||
longer. However, no assumptions are made for <code>sizeof(long)</code>. In fact,
|
||||
you can easily use <code>long long</code> instead,</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Depending on the file, it might require a lot of stack space. If the
|
||||
program segfaults (because of this), say</p>
|
||||
<p>ulimit -s unlimited</p>
|
||||
<p>cross your fingers, hope it is enough, and try again.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Assumes C99 standard, because of the one very long line. Most C
|
||||
compilers handle this just fine even in C89 mode, though.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The code should be reasonably portable, it assumes standard ASCII
|
||||
codes for each char, and that a C compiler is on <code>$PATH</code>; the
|
||||
latter is hard coded to be ‘gcc’, but any compiler would work, provided
|
||||
that it supports C99, or long lines as an extension. This code has been
|
||||
tested on:</p>
|
||||
<li><p>Assumes C99 standard, because of the one very long line. Most C compilers
|
||||
handle this just fine even in C89 mode, though.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The code should be reasonably portable, it assumes standard ASCII codes
|
||||
for each char, and that a C compiler is on <code>$PATH</code>; the latter is hard coded
|
||||
to be ‘gcc’, but any compiler would work, provided that it supports
|
||||
C99, or long lines as an extension. This code has been tested on:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>GNU/Linux FC4, i386, gcc</li>
|
||||
<li>GNU/Linux FC7, x86_64, gcc 4.1.2, tcc 0.9.24 and icc 10.0</li>
|
||||
@@ -295,154 +274,119 @@ tested on:</p>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<p>(Btw, tcc has its roots in IOCCC…)</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h3 id="obfuscations-a.k.a.-spoilers">Obfuscations (a.k.a.
|
||||
spoilers…)</h3>
|
||||
<h3 id="obfuscations-a.k.a.-spoilers">Obfuscations (a.k.a. spoilers…)</h3>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><p>The initialized char array includes the source code of the real
|
||||
program, as well as its name and commands to build and run it, all <a
|
||||
href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burrows-Wheeler_transform">Burrows-Wheeler</a>
|
||||
-transformed, then run-length-encoded with unary coding. The main
|
||||
program extracts and builds that, and then calls it. More precisely, the
|
||||
command to build is</p>
|
||||
<li><p>The initialized char array includes the source code of the real program,
|
||||
as well as its name and commands to build and run it, all
|
||||
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burrows-Wheeler_transform">Burrows-Wheeler</a>
|
||||
-transformed, then run-length-encoded with unary coding. The main program
|
||||
extracts and builds that, and then calls it. More precisely, the command
|
||||
to build is</p>
|
||||
<pre><code> gcc -O3 ag.c -o ag</code></pre>
|
||||
<p>To change that you need to edit the char array <code>p[]</code> and
|
||||
(possibly) two specially encoded constants, <code>-~('('*'(')</code> and
|
||||
<code>'C'*' '-'-'</code>. The extracted source (<code>ag.c</code>) is
|
||||
obfuscated as well.</p>
|
||||
<p>To change that you need to edit the char array <code>p[]</code> and (possibly) two
|
||||
specially encoded constants, <code>-~('('*'(')</code> and <code>'C'*' '-'-'</code>.
|
||||
The extracted source (<code>ag.c</code>) is obfuscated as well.</p>
|
||||
<p>(The original version also deleted the generated source and the
|
||||
corresponding binary after running it, but this feature was removed from
|
||||
the submitted entry.)</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The code demonstrates several useful programming paradigms, such
|
||||
as:</p>
|
||||
corresponding binary after running it, but this feature was removed
|
||||
from the submitted entry.)</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The code demonstrates several useful programming paradigms, such as:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>recursion to remove all loops</li>
|
||||
<li>subroutines (<code>main()</code> contains several logical
|
||||
subroutines, selected by the first argument)</li>
|
||||
<li>subroutines (<code>main()</code> contains several logical subroutines,
|
||||
selected by the first argument)</li>
|
||||
<li>function pointers</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Algorithmically, it incorporates the following:</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>(inverse) Burrows-Wheeler transform (used also e.g. in
|
||||
<code>bzip2(1)</code>)</li>
|
||||
<li>data compression (really expansion :-), run-length-encoding, unary
|
||||
coding (this is why it is expansion rather than compression)</li>
|
||||
<li>(inverse) Burrows-Wheeler transform (used also e.g. in <code>bzip2(1)</code>)</li>
|
||||
<li>data compression (really expansion :-), run-length-encoding,
|
||||
unary coding (this is why it is expansion rather than compression)</li>
|
||||
<li>approximate string matching</li>
|
||||
<li>dynamic programming to compute the edit distance</li>
|
||||
<li>parallel computation in sequential computers (by packing several
|
||||
objects into a single <code>long</code>, to speed up the dynamic
|
||||
<li>parallel computation in sequential computers (by packing
|
||||
several objects into a single <code>long</code>, to speed up the dynamic
|
||||
programming)</li>
|
||||
<li>self extracting, compiling and running code</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
<li><p>As a C program, it demonstrates that</p>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li>a C subset without reserved words is complete enough, excluding data
|
||||
type specific things (<code>int</code>, <code>char</code>,
|
||||
<code>void</code> …)</li>
|
||||
<li>only letters are needed (i.e. the digits <code>0-9</code> are
|
||||
not)</li>
|
||||
<li>only one statement is enough to code any program (plus variable
|
||||
definitions)</li>
|
||||
<li>a C subset without reserved words is complete enough,
|
||||
excluding data type specific things (<code>int</code>, <code>char</code>, <code>void</code> …)</li>
|
||||
<li>only letters are needed (i.e. the digits <code>0-9</code> are not)</li>
|
||||
<li>only one statement is enough to code any program (plus
|
||||
variable definitions)</li>
|
||||
<li>white space has other uses than just indenting the code</li>
|
||||
</ul></li>
|
||||
<li><p>It also shows the power of boolean logic and bitwise
|
||||
arithmetic.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>This is the first (?) entry in the history of IOCCC, that cannot
|
||||
be totally de-obfuscated by the author. This is due to the clever choice
|
||||
of the actual algorithm, that is obfuscated by nature, and it is an open
|
||||
<li><p>It also shows the power of boolean logic and bitwise arithmetic.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>This is the first (?) entry in the history of IOCCC, that cannot be
|
||||
totally de-obfuscated by the author. This is due to the clever choice of
|
||||
the actual algorithm, that is obfuscated by nature, and it is an open
|
||||
research problem whether a simpler algorithm exists, with the same time
|
||||
complexity.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The main obfuscation comes from using only arithmetic and boolean
|
||||
(short-circuit) logic combined with recursion to remove all loops and
|
||||
if-then-else constructs (also, no ternary <code>?:</code> constructs are
|
||||
present). Two’s complement representation of integers is also abused.
|
||||
E.g. instead of writing <code>x++</code> or <code>x-1</code>, it is much
|
||||
better to write <code>x=-~x</code> and <code>~-x</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>No numerical values, other than in the initialized char array,
|
||||
try</p>
|
||||
if-then-else constructs (also, no ternary <code>?:</code> constructs are present).
|
||||
Two’s complement representation of integers is also abused. E.g. instead
|
||||
of writing <code>x++</code> or <code>x-1</code>, it is much better to write <code>x=-~x</code> and <code>~-x</code>.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>No numerical values, other than in the initialized char array, try</p>
|
||||
<pre><code> ./fredriksson -ck0 [0-9] < fredriksson.c</code></pre>
|
||||
<p>This should print 1, as there is a number <code>3</code> in the char
|
||||
array (only). You can also try</p>
|
||||
<p>This should print 1, as there is a number <code>3</code> in the char array (only).
|
||||
You can also try</p>
|
||||
<pre><code> ./fredriksson -ck0 [0-9] < ag.c</code></pre>
|
||||
<p>after running <code>fredriksson</code> at least once (since this
|
||||
generates that <code>ag.c</code> file), and this should print
|
||||
0.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The source code is best viewed with cat (or using the program
|
||||
itself), instead of some editor. (This is a somewhat system dependent
|
||||
thing.)</p>
|
||||
<p>after running <code>fredriksson</code> at least once (since this generates that
|
||||
<code>ag.c</code> file), and this should print 0.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>The source code is best viewed with cat (or using the program itself),
|
||||
instead of some editor. (This is a somewhat system dependent thing.)</p>
|
||||
<p>One reason for this is that the code builds (some of the) constant
|
||||
values from string literal <code>"\b"</code>, except that the backspace
|
||||
<code>\b</code> is not escaped like that; the source uses the raw ASCII
|
||||
value (<code>010</code> octal) instead. Thus when viewing with cat or
|
||||
something, that backspace erases the leading quotation mark. Makes it
|
||||
appear uncompilable, and it is: if you copy-paste the cat output from
|
||||
terminal to some editor, save it, the result would not compile.</p>
|
||||
<p>Some other constants are built from ASCII values of
|
||||
<code>char</code>s.</p>
|
||||
<p>Besides of making the code hard to read, all this makes it also quite
|
||||
large.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Running it through GNU <code>indent(1)</code> or
|
||||
<code>bcpp(1)</code> (C beautifiers) does not beautify it a bit. In
|
||||
fact, <code>indent</code> makes it only worse (at least with the default
|
||||
values from string literal <code>"\b"</code>, except that the backspace <code>\b</code> is not
|
||||
escaped like that; the source uses the raw ASCII value (<code>010</code> octal) instead.
|
||||
Thus when viewing with cat or something, that backspace erases the leading
|
||||
quotation mark. Makes it appear uncompilable, and it is: if you copy-paste
|
||||
the cat output from terminal to some editor, save it, the result would not
|
||||
compile.</p>
|
||||
<p>Some other constants are built from ASCII values of <code>char</code>s.</p>
|
||||
<p>Besides of making the code hard to read, all this makes it also quite large.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Running it through GNU <code>indent(1)</code> or <code>bcpp(1)</code> (C beautifiers) does not beautify
|
||||
it a bit. In fact, <code>indent</code> makes it only worse (at least with the default
|
||||
options). Running it through the preprocessor does basically nothing,
|
||||
since no <code>#define</code>s are used.</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Some <em>abuse of the rules</em>. The number of non-whitespace
|
||||
and <code>;</code>, <code>{</code> and <code>}</code> chars is below the
|
||||
limit, but most of the whitespace chars are in an <em>initialized
|
||||
character array</em>. That is, the number of chars in the program
|
||||
exceeds the 2048 limit. However, whitespace is whitespace and the rules
|
||||
did not specify that these must be in between the statements. A
|
||||
character is a whitespace if <code>isspace()</code> returns non-zero
|
||||
value. Even if deleting even one of those chars it breaks the program!
|
||||
(This does not apply to the generated source
|
||||
<code>ag.c</code>.)</p></li>
|
||||
<li><p>Some <em>abuse of the rules</em>. The number of non-whitespace and <code>;</code>, <code>{</code>
|
||||
and <code>}</code> chars is below the limit, but most of the whitespace chars are
|
||||
in an <em>initialized character array</em>. That is, the number of chars in the
|
||||
program exceeds the 2048 limit. However, whitespace is whitespace and
|
||||
the rules did not specify that these must be in between the statements.
|
||||
A character is a whitespace if <code>isspace()</code> returns non-zero value. Even
|
||||
if deleting even one of those chars it breaks the program! (This does not
|
||||
apply to the generated source <code>ag.c</code>.)</p></li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h2 id="copyright-and-cc-by-sa-4.0-license">Copyright and CC BY-SA 4.0
|
||||
License:</h2>
|
||||
<p>This file is Copyright (c) 2023 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights
|
||||
Reserved. You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of
|
||||
this license:</p>
|
||||
<h2 id="copyright-and-cc-by-sa-4.0-license">Copyright and CC BY-SA 4.0 License:</h2>
|
||||
<p>This file is Copyright (c) 2023 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights Reserved.
|
||||
You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of this license:</p>
|
||||
<pre><code>Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)</code></pre>
|
||||
<p>For more information, see:
|
||||
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</p>
|
||||
<p>For more information, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/</p>
|
||||
|
||||
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|
||||
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|
||||
|
||||
<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
|
||||
|
||||
<h1 id="inventory-for-2011fredriksson"><a name="inventory"></a>Inventory
|
||||
for 2011/fredriksson</h1>
|
||||
<h1 id="inventory-for-2011fredriksson"><a name="inventory"></a>Inventory for 2011/fredriksson</h1>
|
||||
<p><a href="#top">Jump to top</a></p>
|
||||
<h2 id="primary-files">Primary files</h2>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/fredriksson.c">fredriksson.c</a>
|
||||
- entry source</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/Makefile">Makefile</a>
|
||||
- entry Makefile</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/fredriksson.orig.c">fredriksson.orig.c</a>
|
||||
- original source</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/try.sh">try.sh</a>
|
||||
- how to run</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="2011_fredriksson.tar.bz2">2011_fredriksson.tar.bz2</a> -
|
||||
download entry source</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/fredriksson.c">fredriksson.c</a> - entry source</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/Makefile">Makefile</a> - entry Makefile</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/fredriksson.orig.c">fredriksson.orig.c</a> - original source</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/try.sh">try.sh</a> - how to run</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="2011_fredriksson.tar.bz2">2011_fredriksson.tar.bz2</a> - download entry source</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
<h2 id="secondary-files">Secondary files</h2>
|
||||
<ul>
|
||||
<li><a href="index.html">index.html</a> - entry home page</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/.entry.json">.entry.json</a>
|
||||
- description of entry in JSON</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/.gitignore">.gitignore</a>
|
||||
- list of files that should not be committed under git</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/.entry.json">.entry.json</a> - description of entry in JSON</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/.gitignore">.gitignore</a> - list of files that should not be committed under git</li>
|
||||
<li><a href=".path">.path</a> - directory path from top directory</li>
|
||||
<li><a
|
||||
href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/README.md">README.md</a>
|
||||
- markdown source for index.html</li>
|
||||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2011/fredriksson/README.md">README.md</a> - markdown source for index.html</li>
|
||||
</ul>
|
||||
|
||||
<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user