diff --git a/1991/brnstnd/.gitignore b/1991/brnstnd/.gitignore index 98ba8b35e..5fe33081a 100644 --- a/1991/brnstnd/.gitignore +++ b/1991/brnstnd/.gitignore @@ -1,3 +1,4 @@ brnstnd brnstnd.orig prog.orig +sorta diff --git a/1991/brnstnd/Makefile b/1991/brnstnd/Makefile index b87831d73..c014224b8 100644 --- a/1991/brnstnd/Makefile +++ b/1991/brnstnd/Makefile @@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ all: data ${TARGET} ${PROG}: ${PROG}.c ${CC} ${CFLAGS} $< -o $@ ${LDFLAGS} + ${LN} -sf $@ sorta # alternative executable # diff --git a/1991/brnstnd/README.md b/1991/brnstnd/README.md index e05835d1a..fd89523a7 100644 --- a/1991/brnstnd/README.md +++ b/1991/brnstnd/README.md @@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ For info on more examples, read the [sorta.README.md](sorta.README.md) file. The author wished to win the "most useful program" award and documented this in the source code. The judges were unmoved by this blatant attempt to influence -the contest and rejected this idea... so we gave it the `Best of Show` +the contest and rejected this idea... so we gave it the "Best of Show" instead!! NOTE: One should remove the final trailing newline to obtain the @@ -51,12 +51,12 @@ instance, not to mention infinite-depth tail recursion. SORTA ignores its arguments (though it makes them available to the script); it takes all commands, character by character, from its -standard input. Unrecognized commands are repeated with a '?'. +standard input. Unrecognized commands are repeated with a `'?'`. -SORTA maintains an `i stack` for integers and an `s stack` for strings. It also +SORTA maintains an `i` stack for integers and an `s` stack for strings. It also keeps track of `programs`, one for each character. Operations are silently ignored if the relevant stacks are too low, except as noted for `s`, `S`, and -`!`. If the `i stack` or `s stack` (or the stack of buffered macro commands) +`!`. If the `i` stack or `s` stack (or the stack of buffered macro commands) grows too high, SORTA will exit silently with exit code 2. (Compile parameter `-Do=250` controls what 'too high' means; you should not make `o` larger than 250.) I don't think it's possible to crash the interpreter. @@ -68,24 +68,24 @@ delimiters. ### Basic operations - `q`: quit -- `number`: push that number on top of the i stack -- `"string"`: push that string on top of the s stack, no length limit -- `[string]`: push that string on top of the s stack, no length limit -- `#`: make top of i stack non-destructively in ASCII, push result onto s stack -- ` ` `: print top of s stack non-destructively -- `$`: print top of s stack non-destructively without newline -- `d`: drop (pop) top of i stack -- `D`: dup (duplicate) top of i stack +- `number`: push that number on top of the `i` stack +- `"string"`: push that string on top of the `s` stack, no length limit +- `[string]`: push that string on top of the `s` stack, no length limit +- `#`: make top of `i` stack non-destructively in ASCII, push result onto `s` stack +- ` ` `: print top of `s` stack non-destructively +- `$`: print top of `s` stack non-destructively without newline +- `d`: drop (pop) top of `i` stack +- `D`: dup (duplicate) top of `i` stack - `'`: dup top of s stack - `s`: pop top of i stack. If it is `n`, swap `(n+1)`th-top of `i` stack with top. `1s`, for example, swaps the top two elements; `2s` swaps the top with the - third down; etc. This always pops the top of the `i stack`, even upon + third down; etc. This always pops the top of the `i` stack, even upon failure. -- `S`: pop top of `i stack`, then act just like `s` but upon `s stack` -- `l`: pop top of `s stack`, push its length onto `i stack` +- `S`: pop top of `i` stack, then act just like `s` but upon `s` stack +- `l`: pop top of `s` stack, push its length onto `i` stack - `a`: push argc onto i stack -- `A`: pop top of `i stack`, push `argv[i]` on top of `s stack` -- `T`: concatenate top two elements of `s stack` +- `A`: pop top of `i` stack, push `argv[i]` on top of `s` stack +- `T`: concatenate top two elements of `s` stack - ` _ `: negate top of i stack - `+`: pop top two elements of i stack, add, push back sum - ` * `: pop top two elements of i stack, multiply, push back product @@ -97,17 +97,17 @@ delimiters. ### System operations -- `o`: pop top of `s stack` and top two of `i stack`; `open(s1,i2,i1);` leave -result on `i stack` -- `O`: pop top of `i stack`, `close()` it -- `u`: pop top of `i stack`, `dup()` it, push result back on -- `F`: `fork()`, push result on `i stack`. This is not always safe while SORTA is +- `o`: pop top of `s` stack and top two of `i` stack; `open(s1,i2,i1);` leave +result on `i` stack +- `O`: pop top of `i` stack, `close()` it +- `u`: pop top of `i` stack, `dup()` it, push result back on +- `F`: `fork()`, push result on `i` stack. This is not always safe while SORTA is reading keyboard input or a script, as the forked programs share file descriptors. It is always safe inside a program (see below). -- `P`: `pipe()`, push two ends ` ` onto `i stack`. In case of trouble, -`push <-1>` onto `i stack`. -- `w`: `wait()`, push successful result (or -1 if no children) on `i stack` -- `!`: `execvp()` top of the `s stack`. Arguments are the next things down on +- `P`: `pipe()`, push two ends ` ` onto `i` stack. In case of trouble, +`push <-1>` onto `i` stack. +- `w`: `wait()`, push successful result (or -1 if no children) on `i` stack +- `!`: `execvp()` top of the `s` stack. Arguments are the next things down on the s stack, in reverse order from popping; the first character of each string is lopped off. There must be an empty string somewhere in the s stack to terminate the argument list. If the execve() diff --git a/1991/brnstnd/sorta.README.md b/1991/brnstnd/sorta.README.md index 36086f283..46c39d288 100644 --- a/1991/brnstnd/sorta.README.md +++ b/1991/brnstnd/sorta.README.md @@ -56,13 +56,13 @@ This is self-explanatory. 1=D 1s# " | "T 1s#T " is "T D&1sD&& #T$ld " (" 1=2 ")"T `ld 1=D 1s# " ^ "T 1s#T " is "T 1=D&2sD&1sD&&&D& #T$ld " (" 1=2 ")"T `ld -`icalc` shows off SORTA's understanding of integer arithmetic. You can run +`icalc` shows off `SORTA`'s understanding of integer arithmetic. You can run it with up to two arguments; the arguments have default values of 27182 -and 3145. Notice that sorta doesn't have a language primitive for +and 3145. Notice that `SORTA` doesn't have a language primitive for converting a string to a number, yet `icalc` is performing arithmetic on -its arguments. Can you see how? (Hint: Try `./brnstnd "2 2+" 3 < sorta.icalc`. +its arguments. Can you see how? (Hint: Try `./sorta "2 2+" 3 < sorta.icalc`. Look at program A.) `icalc` also provides a useful binary output routine, -and if you can't remember offhand that `D2sD3s&2sD&1sD&&&D&` means xor, +and if you can't remember offhand that `D2sD3s&2sD&1sD&&&D&` means XOR, you can just look it up here. @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ you can just look it up here. 0""1=y` This script prints out the maximum file descriptor available from -repeated dup()s---usually NOFILE - 1. Can you see how it works? +repeated `dup(2)`s---usually `NOFILE - 1`. Can you see how it works? # [sorta.iecho](sorta.iecho) @@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ repeated dup()s---usually NOFILE - 1. Can you see how it works? [1s1+DA$ld1s1_+D=sD=x]:xld [ given n (argc-n), print args ]ld 0a1_+D=x""` [ simulation of /bin/echo ]ld -This is a clone of /bin/echo, minus any argument processing and escape -interpretation. (Note that, unlike some shells' echo, /bin/echo prints a -newline even with no arguments.) Try sorta foo bar < iecho. +This is a clone of `/bin/echo`, minus any argument processing and escape +interpretation. (Note that, unlike some shells' echo, `/bin/echo` prints a +newline even with no arguments.) Try `./sorta foo bar < iecho`. # [sorta.ifact1](sorta.ifact1) @@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ multiply by 2, print it, multiply by 3, print it, etc. 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f 1=f `ifact1` does a lot of repeated work. `ifact2` takes advantage of this by -keeping the current `n!` n on the stack. Each call to routine f (1=f) -increments n by 1 and prints out the factorial. +keeping the current `n!` `n` on the stack. Each call to routine `f (1=f)` +increments `n` by `1` and prints out the factorial. # [sorta.ifact3](sorta.ifact3) @@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ increments n by 1 and prints out the factorial. 0 1 10 1=x Finally, `ifact3` removes all the redundancy from `ifact2`, and exhibits -proper documentation of stack routines. You can replace the 10 by +proper documentation of stack routines. You can replace the `10` by anything in this version. @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ anything in this version. ["] "2 2+":xT ["]T " produces "T 1=x#T " which should be 4."T` -Notice that "2 2+" is a literal string inside the program. +Notice that `"2 2+"` is a literal string inside the program. # [sorta.irot13](sorta.irot13) @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ Notice that "2 2+" is a literal string inside the program. 0Ou1=x [ in a more complex spawner, this would be done under a fork ]ld Despite its name, `irot13` is meant to show how to exec a program with -redirection from within sorta. You run it as `./brnstnd blah < irot13`; it +redirection from within `sorta`. You run it as `./sorta blah < irot13`; it opens `blah` and runs a (BSD-style) `tr` command to rotate all letters by 13 spots. `1A 0 0 o` opens `argv[1]`; the ` ' ` keeps the filename around for subroutine `h` to print a nice error message if necessary. `0Ou` closes @@ -170,8 +170,8 @@ This script illustrates the classic fork-exec-wait. [3*#" "T$ldD=f]:f 1=f -The sole purpose of this script is to prove that sorta can do infinite -tail recursion (in this case, in program `f`). Do `./brnstnd < itailrec | more` +The sole purpose of this script is to prove that `sorta` can do infinite +tail recursion (in this case, in program `f`). Do `./sorta < itailrec | more` and watch the powers of 3 (mod your computer's word size) flow by.