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726 lines
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News
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IOCCC rules
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IOCCC guidelines
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headerOpenMenuButton.classList.add("hide-content");
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headerCloseMenuButton.classList.remove("hide-content");
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headerCloseMenuButton.classList.add("topbar-mobile-menu");
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mobileMenuPanel.classList.remove("hide-content");
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mobileMenuPanel.classList.add("topbar-mobile-panel");
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headerCloseMenuButton.addEventListener("click", () => {
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headerCloseMenuButton.classList.remove("topbar-mobile-menu");
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headerCloseMenuButton.classList.add("hide-content");
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mobileMenuPanel.classList.add("hide-content");
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mobileMenuPanel.classList.remove("topbar-mobile-panel");
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headerOpenMenuButton.classList.add("topbar-mobile-menu");
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width=300
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height=110>
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</a>
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<h1>The International Obfuscated C Code Contest</h1>
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<h2>2004/gavin - Best of Show</h2>
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<h3>Mini-OS</h3>
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</div>
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<!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/header.default.html -->
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<div class="navbar">
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<a class="Left" href="../gavare/index.html">← 2004/gavare</a>
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<a class="Left" href="../index.html">↑ 2004 ↑</a>
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<a class="Left" href="../hibachi/index.html">2004/hibachi →</a>
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<a class="Right" href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/gavin.c">C code</a>
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<a class="Right" href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/Makefile">Makefile</a>
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<a class="Right" href="#inventory">Inventory</a>
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<a class="Right" href="https://validator.w3.org/nu/?doc=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ioccc.org%2F2004%2Fgavin%2Findex.html">✓</a>
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</div>
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<h2 id="author">Author:</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Name: <a href="../../authors.html#Gavin_Barraclough">Gavin Barraclough</a><br>
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Location: <a href="../../location.html#GB">GB</a> - <em>United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland</em> (<em>United Kingdom</em>)</li>
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</ul>
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<!-- BEFORE: 1st line of markdown file: 2004/gavin/README.md -->
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<h2 id="to-build">To build:</h2>
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<pre><code> make</code></pre>
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<p>There is an alternate version for those who wish to use
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<a href="https://www.qemu.org">QEMU</a> rather than having
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to reboot and rely on having a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floppy_disk">floppy
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drive</a> (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_floppy_disk">if you even
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remember</a> what those are
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:-) ) etc. See <a href="#alternate-code">Alternate code</a> below.</p>
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<h3 id="bugs-and-misfeatures">Bugs and (Mis)features:</h3>
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<p>The current status of this entry is:</p>
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<blockquote>
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<p><strong>STATUS: INABIAF - please DO NOT fix</strong></p>
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</blockquote>
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<p>For more detailed information see <a href="../../bugs.html#2004_gavin">2004/gavin in bugs.html</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="to-use">To use:</h2>
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<pre><code> ./gavin</code></pre>
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<h2 id="try">Try:</h2>
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<p>To enjoy the results (on a Linux/x86 machine) with a floppy drive
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(<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_age">remember</a> those? We do!):</p>
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<pre><code> su</code></pre>
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<p>Make a floppy with an ext2 filesystem (<code>mke2fs /dev/fd0</code> replacing <code>fd0</code> with
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whatever the floppy device is!), mount it under <code>/mnt/floppy</code> and then:</p>
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<pre><code> cp kernel fs.tar lilo.conf boot.b /mnt/floppy</code></pre>
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<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: If the version of your lilo is not 21.4, use the appropriate <code>boot.b</code> file.</p>
|
||
<p><strong>NOTE</strong>: If your floppy drive is not <code>/dev/fd0</code>, edit <code>lilo.conf</code> appropriately.</p>
|
||
<pre><code> lilo -C /mnt/floppy/lilo.conf</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Boot from the floppy on an x86 machine with a PS/2 keyboard and mouse.
|
||
Move the window away from the corner.</p>
|
||
<pre><code> vi gavin.c</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Scroll up and down the file with up-arrow and down-arrow.</p>
|
||
<pre><code> sh</code></pre>
|
||
<p>You can have several shell windows:</p>
|
||
<pre><code> vi README.md
|
||
./prim</code></pre>
|
||
<p>Press and hold any key.</p>
|
||
<h2 id="alternate-code">Alternate code:</h2>
|
||
<p>This version’s main difference is that the macro <code>K</code> is redefined to <code>1</code> so that
|
||
you can use it with <code>QEMU</code>.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="alternate-build">Alternate build:</h3>
|
||
<pre><code> make alt</code></pre>
|
||
<h3 id="alternate-use">Alternate use:</h3>
|
||
<p>The use is mostly the same as <code>gavin</code> except that one initially executes <code>gavin.alt</code>
|
||
and one will have to use <code>QEMU</code> instead. The files
|
||
generated are the same names. See <a href="#to-use">to use</a> and <a href="#try">try</a> above as
|
||
well as the judges’ remarks below plus <a href="gavin.html">gavin.html</a>.</p>
|
||
<h2 id="judges-remarks">Judges’ remarks:</h2>
|
||
<p>Over the years, we’ve seen a program that immediately dumps core if executed on
|
||
the “wrong” architectures (e.g., <a href="../../1984/mullender/index.html">1984/mullender</a> entry) and a
|
||
program that dumps core after a while (e.g., <a href="../../2001/bellard/index.html">2001/bellard</a> entry).
|
||
This entry will happily compile and execute on most any architecture - the trick
|
||
is that the result, to be useful, must be produced (and can only be enjoyed) on
|
||
a particular architecture. We have not decided yet whether to disallow this for
|
||
future contests.</p>
|
||
<p>If you do not want to mess with a floppy and you use GRUB, see
|
||
<a href="gavin.html">gavin.html</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>You can put additional text files in <code>fs.tar</code> for browsing with vi.</p>
|
||
<p>If you do not want to bother rebooting your computer at all, see
|
||
<a href="https://www.qemu.org" class="uri">https://www.qemu.org</a> for QEMU (by <a href="../../authors.html#Fabrice_Bellard">Fabrice
|
||
Bellard</a>, an IOCCC winning author) and use
|
||
the <a href="#alternate-code">Alternate code</a> instead. You’ll have to move the mouse to
|
||
trigger the initial screen update.</p>
|
||
<p>The judges were able to write a few more programs to run in this OS.
|
||
What are the limitations for such programs?</p>
|
||
<p>What can you do and what can you not do in such programs?</p>
|
||
<p>The program called <code>prim</code>, written by the judges, computes and prints prime
|
||
numbers.</p>
|
||
<h2 id="authors-remarks">Author’s remarks:</h2>
|
||
<p>This is a 32-bit multitasking operating system for x86 computers, with GUI and
|
||
filesystem, support for loading and executing user applications in ELF binary
|
||
format, with PS/2 mouse and keyboard drivers, and VESA graphics. And a command
|
||
shell. And an application - a simple text-file viewer.</p>
|
||
<p>The OS has ended up as a traditional monolith with one entry point for syscalls,
|
||
with apps treated as cooperative-multitasking tasks that can be sent different
|
||
messages (e.g. ‘initialize’, ‘key hit’, ‘render to buffer’) through their main
|
||
entry point, and which will return control to the OS after having performed the
|
||
necessary work. Applications are passed a pointer to their task structure,
|
||
which is partially defined by the OS, and partially for the application’s own
|
||
use.</p>
|
||
<p>The program compiles into a tool to build a kernel image,
|
||
so having built the program, the <a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/Makefile">Makefile</a> will run it,
|
||
redirecting the output into a file called <code>kernel</code>.
|
||
The Makefile will then proceed to build a root filesystem image.
|
||
This involves rebuilding the program with different compiler flags,
|
||
then building a tarball containing the resulting programs
|
||
(the filesystem format supported by the OS is the tarball format).</p>
|
||
<p>For further usage information see <a href="gavin.html">gavin.html</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>The filenames <code>vi</code> and <code>sh</code> are significant, and should not be changed.</p>
|
||
<h3 id="known-features">Known ‘features’:</h3>
|
||
<p>Known issues are really too plentiful to list.</p>
|
||
<p>If the mouse pointer goes off the left hand side of the screen
|
||
it will reappear on the right, and vice-versa.
|
||
If it goes off the top or bottom, it will go and corrupt some memory.</p>
|
||
<p>The file system is kinda optimistic about matching names, so,
|
||
for example if you type the command <code>shell</code> into a command-line
|
||
it will execute the program <code>sh</code> - close enough a match for it.</p>
|
||
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format">ELF binaries</a>
|
||
are not loaded at the correct address, and their entry point must be the start
|
||
address of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_segment">text segment</a>.</p>
|
||
<p>The keyboard driver can cope with the basic alpha-numeric keys,
|
||
but gets confused by fancy things like <code>shift</code> or <code>backspace</code>.</p>
|
||
<p>In the text-file viewer, <code>vi</code>, the up/down and PgUp/PgDn keys
|
||
scroll up or down by one line. There is nothing to stop you
|
||
from scrolling above the top of the file, and pressing any
|
||
other keys might have an undefined effect.</p>
|
||
<p>The x86 is bootstrapped into 32bit mode in 6 instructions, with 4 more to set up
|
||
data/stack segments and a stack-pointer to allow C code to be run. On top of
|
||
this there are also about a dozen instructions to switch the video card into
|
||
graphics mode. All in all, a relatively tiny number of instructions next to the
|
||
size of the C program. Also, the string is mostly composed of data - a
|
||
Linux-esque kernel header for the bootloader, protected mode descriptor tables,
|
||
keyboard maps, etc. (I should also mention that it contains mini functions to
|
||
perform an x86 <code>in</code> and <code>out</code> instruction - to allow the keyboard & mouse to be
|
||
driven from C code).</p>
|
||
<p>Porting to another architecture should be relatively easy<a href="#fn1" class="footnote-ref" id="fnref1" role="doc-noteref"><sup>1</sup></a> -
|
||
the string simply needs be replaced with one containing
|
||
data & code suitable for the new target platform.
|
||
Accesses to data in the string are made relative to the define <code>V</code>,
|
||
so these may need updating as appropriate (<code>0x90200</code> is the address
|
||
at which a Linux bootloader loads an x86 kernel image).</p>
|
||
<!--
|
||
|
||
Copyright © 1984-2024 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights Reserved.
|
||
|
||
You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of this license:
|
||
|
||
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
|
||
|
||
For more information, see:
|
||
|
||
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
|
||
|
||
-->
|
||
<!-- AFTER: last line of markdown file: 2004/gavin/README.md -->
|
||
<hr style="width:10%;text-align:left;margin-left:0">
|
||
<section id="footnotes" class="footnotes footnotes-end-of-document" role="doc-endnotes">
|
||
<h5>Footnotes</h5>
|
||
<ol>
|
||
<li id="fn1"><p>* ;-)<a href="#fnref1" class="footnote-back" role="doc-backlink">↩︎</a></p></li>
|
||
</ol>
|
||
</section>
|
||
|
||
<!-- END: this line ends content for HTML phase 21 by: bin/pandoc-wrapper.sh via bin/md2html.sh -->
|
||
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|
||
|
||
<!-- START: this line starts content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
|
||
|
||
<div id="inventory">
|
||
<h1 id="inventory-for-2004gavin">Inventory for 2004/gavin</h1>
|
||
</div>
|
||
<h2 id="primary-files">Primary files</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/gavin.c">gavin.c</a> - entry source code</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/Makefile">Makefile</a> - entry Makefile</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/gavin.alt.c">gavin.alt.c</a> - alternate source code</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/gavin.orig.c">gavin.orig.c</a> - original source code</li>
|
||
<li><a href="gavin.html">gavin.html</a> - author’s usage guide</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/lilo.conf">lilo.conf</a> - lilo boot loader configuration</li>
|
||
<li><a href="boot.b">boot.b</a> - boot sector</li>
|
||
<li><a href="img/fs.tar">img/fs.tar</a> - tarball of root file system</li>
|
||
<li><a href="img/kernel">img/kernel</a> - x86 linux boot executable zImage</li>
|
||
<li><a href="prim">prim</a> - prime number printing program from judges</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<h2 id="secondary-files">Secondary files</h2>
|
||
<ul>
|
||
<li><a href="2004_gavin.tar.bz2">2004_gavin.tar.bz2</a> - download entry tarball</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/README.md">README.md</a> - markdown source for this web page</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/.entry.json">.entry.json</a> - entry summary and manifest in JSON</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/gavin.md">gavin.md</a> - markdown source for gavin.html</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/.gitignore">.gitignore</a> - list of files that should not be committed under git</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/winner/blob/master/2004/gavin/.path">.path</a> - directory path from top level directory</li>
|
||
<li><a href="index.html">index.html</a> - this web page</li>
|
||
</ul>
|
||
<hr style="width:10%;text-align:left;margin-left:0">
|
||
<h4>
|
||
Jump to: <a href="#">top</a>
|
||
</h4>
|
||
|
||
<!-- END: next line ends content generated by: bin/output-index-inventory.sh -->
|
||
|
||
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|
||
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|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/after-content.default.html -->
|
||
<!-- START: this line starts content from: inc/footer.inventory.html -->
|
||
|
||
<!--
|
||
|
||
Copyright © 1984-2025 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights Reserved.
|
||
|
||
You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of this license:
|
||
|
||
Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
|
||
|
||
For more information, see:
|
||
|
||
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
|
||
|
||
-->
|
||
|
||
<div class="footer">
|
||
|
||
<div id="copyright"><h3>Copyright © 1984-2025 by Landon Curt Noll:
|
||
<a href="https://creativecommons.org/faq/#what-does-some-rights-reserved-mean"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="license noopener noreferrer">Some Rights Reserved</a></h3>
|
||
<p>
|
||
This work is <b>licensed by Landon Curt Noll</b> under
|
||
<b><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/?ref=chooser-v1"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="license noopener noreferrer"
|
||
style="display:inline-block;">CC BY-SA 4.0</a></b>.
|
||
<img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;"
|
||
src="../../png/cc.png"
|
||
alt="cc inside circle symbol">
|
||
<img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;"
|
||
src="../../png/by.png"
|
||
alt="person inside circle symbol">
|
||
<img style="height:22px!important;margin-left:3px;vertical-align:text-bottom;"
|
||
src="../../png/sa.png"
|
||
alt="arrow looping back on itself inside circle symbol"><br>
|
||
You should <b>carefully review</b> the
|
||
<b><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.en"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="license noopener noreferrer">CC BY-SA 4.0 LEGAL CODE</a></b>
|
||
before using the licensed material.<br>
|
||
You may wish to review the
|
||
<b><a href="../../license.html"
|
||
target="_blank"
|
||
rel="license noopener noreferrer">highlights of some of the key features and terms</a></b>
|
||
of <b>CC BY-SA 4.0</b>.<br>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<div id="coda"><h3>Coda</h3>
|
||
<p>
|
||
<a href="https://validator.w3.org/nu/?doc=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ioccc.org%2F2004%2Fgavin%2Findex.html" rel="nofollow">Nu HTML check this web page</a><br>
|
||
<a href="#top">Jump to top</a> <a href="#content">Jump to Content</a> <a href="#inventory">Jump to Inventory</a><br>
|
||
</p>
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
</div>
|
||
|
||
<!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/footer.inventory.html -->
|
||
<!-- START: this line starts content from: inc/bottom.default.html -->
|
||
|
||
</body>
|
||
</html>
|
||
|
||
<!-- END: this line ends content from: inc/bottom.default.html -->
|