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<title>2018/bellard - Most inflationary</title>
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<img src="../../png/ioccc.png" alt="IOCCC image by Matt Zucker" width=300 height=110>
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<h1>The International Obfuscated C Code Contest</h1>
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<h2>2018/bellard - Most inflationary</h2>
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<a class="Left" href="../anderson/index.html">← anderson</a>
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<a class="Left" href="../index.html">↑ 2018 ↑</a>
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<a class="Right" href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/prog.c">C code</a>
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<a href="../../index.html">IOCCC Home</a>
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<h2 id="author"><a name="author"></a>Author:</h2>
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<ul>
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<li>Name: <a href="../../authors.html#Fabrice_Bellard">Fabrice Bellard</a><br>
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Location: <a href="../../location.html#FR">FR</a> - <em>French Republic</em> (<em>France</em>)</li>
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<h2 id="to-build">To build:</h2>
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<pre><code> make</code></pre>
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<p>There is an alternate version that should work with Windows. See <a href="#alternate-code">Alternate
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code</a> below.</p>
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<h2 id="to-use">To use:</h2>
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<pre><code> ./prog > lena.ppm</code></pre>
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<h2 id="try">Try:</h2>
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<p>First open <a href="Lenna.png">Lenna.png</a> in your graphics viewer of choice. Next, after
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running the above command (<code>./prog > lena.ppm</code>), open <code>lena.ppm</code> in your
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graphics viewer of choice. After that try:</p>
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<pre><code> ./try.sh</code></pre>
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<p>NOTE: the script uses the tools <code>pngtopam(1)</code> (or <code>pngtopnm(1)</code> for older
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versions) and <code>pnmscale</code> come from the netpbm project and <code>cjpeg(1)</code> comes from
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<code>libjpeg-turbo</code>. If you don’t have these tools already see <a href="../../faq.html#netpbm">FAQ 3.15 - How do I
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compile and install netpbm for entries that require it?</a> and
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<a href="../../faq.html#libjpeg">FAQ 3.16 - How do I compile and install libjpeg-turbo for entries that require
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it?</a>.</p>
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<p>NOTE: <a href="Lenna.png">Lenna.png</a> is from
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<a href="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7d/Lenna_%28test_image%29.png" class="uri">https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/7/7d/Lenna_%28test_image%29.png</a>.</p>
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<h2 id="alternate-code">Alternate code:</h2>
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<p>The <a href="prog.alt.c">prog.alt.c</a> is based on the author’s remarks and it should work
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for Windows.</p>
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<h3 id="alternate-build">Alternate build:</h3>
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<pre><code> make alt</code></pre>
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<h3 id="alternate-use">Alternate use:</h3>
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<p>Use <code>prog.alt</code> as you would <code>prog</code>.</p>
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<h2 id="judges-remarks">Judges’ remarks:</h2>
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<p>The file <code>small.jpg</code> will be approximately of the same size as the raw image
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data in the program. Compare the level of the detail and the artifacts of
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<code>small.jpg</code> and <code>lena.ppm</code>.</p>
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<p>Compressing images is just a matter of simple arithmetic and some magic, isn’t
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it?</p>
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<p>We could understand some of the arithmetic but none of the magic.</p>
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<p>Deciphering the mechanism used for data encoding to make use of whitespace,
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braces and semicolons should be a slightly easier task.</p>
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<h2 id="authors-remarks">Author’s remarks:</h2>
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<p>Warning: the program is not protected against invalid input.</p>
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<p>This program outputs a 128x128 RGB image file to the standard output using the
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portable pixmap file format (PPM). It contains the famous “Lena” image which is
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used in many image compression tests.</p>
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<p>The uncompressed image is 12 times larger than the source code of the
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program which includes the image data and the complete decoder. The
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actual image data is 1220 byte long, which gives a compression ratio
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of 40. Using a JPEG-like algorithm would not be enough to reach this
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level of compression (the Lena image would be barely recognizable). So
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the algorithm is based on the latest advances in image compression. It
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includes the following features:</p>
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<ul>
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<li>DCT transform with variable block size (4x4, 8x8, 16x16 and 32x32)</li>
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<li>DC and directional predictors</li>
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<li>arithmetic coding</li>
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<li>YCgCo color space.</li>
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</ul>
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<p>The image data is encoded to a C string with some tricks to make the
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best use of the IOCCC size constraints. The identifiers were shortened
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to a single letter to save space. No specific obfuscation was needed
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as the algorithms already have a significant complexity.</p>
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<p>Although the program was optimized to decompress its built-in image,
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it accepts to decompress image files from its standard
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input. Examples:</p>
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<pre><code> ./prog d < lena512.bin > lena512.ppm
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./prog d < fruits.bin > fruits.ppm
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./prog d < vintage_cars.bin > vintage_cars.ppm</code></pre>
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<p>The original images for <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AFruits_oranges%2C_jardin_japonais_2.JPG">fruits</a> and <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3ARed_Bull_Jungfrau_Stafette%2C_10th_stage_-_vintage_cars_%282%29.jpg">vintage cars</a> come from
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Wikipedia and were resized to a width of 1024 pixels.</p>
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<p>The program should be portable on any Unix system. On Windows the line
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<code>_setmode(0, 32768); _setmode(1, 32768);</code> must be added at the start of
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the main() function to avoid unwanted carriage return characters in
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the output.</p>
|
||
<!--
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Copyright © 1984-2024 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights Reserved.
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You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of this license:
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Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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For more information, see:
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<h1 id="inventory-for-2018bellard"><a name="inventory"></a>Inventory for 2018/bellard</h1>
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<p><a href="#top">Jump to top</a></p>
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<h2 id="primary-files">Primary files</h2>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/prog.c">prog.c</a> - entry source</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/Makefile">Makefile</a> - entry Makefile</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/prog.alt.c">prog.alt.c</a> - alternative source</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/prog.orig.c">prog.orig.c</a> - original source</li>
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<li><a href="Lenna.png">Lenna.png</a> - sample image data</li>
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<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/try.sh">try.sh</a> - how to run</li>
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</ul>
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<h2 id="secondary-files">Secondary files</h2>
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||
<ul>
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||
<li><a href="2018_bellard.tar.bz2">2018_bellard.tar.bz2</a> - download entry tarball</li>
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||
<li><a href="index.html">index.html</a> - this web page</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/README.md">README.md</a> - markdown source for this web page</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/.entry.json">.entry.json</a> - description of entry in JSON</li>
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||
<li><a href="fruits.bin">fruits.bin</a> - binary support file</li>
|
||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/.gitignore">.gitignore</a> - list of files that should not be committed under git</li>
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<li><a href="lena512.bin">lena512.bin</a> - binary support file</li>
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||
<li><a href="https://github.com/ioccc-src/temp-test-ioccc/blob/master/2018/bellard/.path">.path</a> - directory path from top directory</li>
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<li><a href="vintage_cars.bin">vintage_cars.bin</a> - binary support file</li>
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||
</ul>
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<!--
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Copyright © 1984-2024 by Landon Curt Noll. All Rights Reserved.
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You are free to share and adapt this file under the terms of this license:
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Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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For more information, see:
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<h2><a name="copyright"></a>Copyright and CC BY-SA 4.0 License</h2>
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<p>All IOCCC content including this file and web page are:</p>
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<b> Copyright © 1984-2024 by Landon Curt Noll. <a href="https://creativecommons.org/faq/#what-does-some-rights-reserved-mean">Some Rights Reserved</a>.</b>
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<p>This work is licensed by Landon Curt Noll under:</p>
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<p xmlns:cc="http://creativecommons.org/ns#" ><b><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/?ref=chooser-v1"
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target="_blank" rel="license noopener noreferrer" style="display:inline-block;"> CC BY-SA 4.0
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src="../../png/cc.png"
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<p>The <b>CC BY-SA 4.0 LEGAL CODE</b> for this license is found under:</p>
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<p>You should <b>carefully review</b> all of the terms and conditions of the
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<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.en">actual license</a>
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before using the licensed material.</p>
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<p>You may wish to review the <b><a href="../../license.html">highlights of some of the key
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features and terms</a></b> of the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode.en">actual license</a>.</p>
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<h2>Coda</h2>
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||
<p><a href="https://validator.w3.org/nu/?doc=https%3A%2F%2Fioccc-src.github.io%2Ftemp-test-ioccc%2F2018%2Fbellard%2Findex.html">Nu HTML check this web page</a></p>
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<p><a href="#top">Jump to top</a> <a href="#content">Jump to Content</a> <a href="#inventory">Jump to Inventory</a></p>
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