channeldb: BigSize migration, store zero-conf, scid-alias bits

This introduces a BigSize migration that is used to expand the width
of the ChannelStatus and ChannelType fields. Three channel "types"
are added - ZeroConfBit, ScidAliasChanBit, and ScidAliasFeatureBit.
ScidAliasChanBit denotes that the scid-alias channel type was
negotiated for the channel. ScidAliasFeatureBit denotes that the
scid-alias feature bit was negotiated during the *lifetime* of the
channel. Several helper functions on the OpenChannel struct are
exposed to aid callers from different packages.

The RefreshShortChanID has been renamed to Refresh.

A new function BroadcastHeight is used to guard access to the
mutable FundingBroadcastHeight member. This prevents data races.

channeldb/migration29/codec.go

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+package migration29
+
+import (
+	"encoding/binary"
+	"encoding/hex"
+	"io"
+
+	"github.com/btcsuite/btcd/wire"
+)
+
+var (
+	byteOrder = binary.BigEndian
+)
+
+// ChannelID is a series of 32-bytes that uniquely identifies all channels
+// within the network. The ChannelID is computed using the outpoint of the
+// funding transaction (the txid, and output index). Given a funding output the
+// ChannelID can be calculated by XOR'ing the big-endian serialization of the
+// txid and the big-endian serialization of the output index, truncated to
+// 2 bytes.
+type ChannelID [32]byte
+
+// String returns the string representation of the ChannelID. This is just the
+// hex string encoding of the ChannelID itself.
+func (c ChannelID) String() string {
+	return hex.EncodeToString(c[:])
+}
+
+// NewChanIDFromOutPoint converts a target OutPoint into a ChannelID that is
+// usable within the network. In order to convert the OutPoint into a ChannelID,
+// we XOR the lower 2-bytes of the txid within the OutPoint with the big-endian
+// serialization of the Index of the OutPoint, truncated to 2-bytes.
+func NewChanIDFromOutPoint(op *wire.OutPoint) ChannelID {
+	// First we'll copy the txid of the outpoint into our channel ID slice.
+	var cid ChannelID
+	copy(cid[:], op.Hash[:])
+
+	// With the txid copied over, we'll now XOR the lower 2-bytes of the
+	// partial channelID with big-endian serialization of output index.
+	xorTxid(&cid, uint16(op.Index))
+
+	return cid
+}
+
+// xorTxid performs the transformation needed to transform an OutPoint into a
+// ChannelID. To do this, we expect the cid parameter to contain the txid
+// unaltered and the outputIndex to be the output index
+func xorTxid(cid *ChannelID, outputIndex uint16) {
+	var buf [2]byte
+	binary.BigEndian.PutUint16(buf[:], outputIndex)
+
+	cid[30] ^= buf[0]
+	cid[31] ^= buf[1]
+}
+
+// readOutpoint reads an outpoint from the passed reader.
+func readOutpoint(r io.Reader, o *wire.OutPoint) error {
+	if _, err := io.ReadFull(r, o.Hash[:]); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := binary.Read(r, byteOrder, &o.Index); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}