Format + link fix 1998/banks/

His website is of course no longer at the university he went to.

I also linked (via the Internet Wayback Machine which was found in the
archive of his old website) an article about the flight simulator that
he linked. It seemed appropriate especially as this won 'Best of Show'.

The URL was fixed in winners.csv and winners.html; his email was updated
in winners.csv as well (didn't see it in winners.html).
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# Best of Show
Carl Banks
Penn State Department of Aerospace Engineering
232 Hammond Building
University Park, PA 16802
USA
http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/c/w/cwb129/
Carl Banks
Penn State Department of Aerospace Engineering
232 Hammond Building
University Park, PA 16802
USA
<https://blog.aerojockey.com/post/iocccsim>
## To build:
make all
```sh
make all
```
## To run:
cat horizon.sc pittsburgh.sc | ./banks
```sh
cat horizon.sc pittsburgh.sc | ./banks
```
## Judges' remarks:
@@ -24,7 +27,11 @@ tight, well, we can just point them at this one. This program really
pushes the envelope!
The provided Makefile should work; you will need an X-ish system, and
a select() system call. More on building in the author remarks.
a `select()` system call. More on building in the author remarks.
Carl Banks linked to (on his old website) an interesting article about this
entry, a flight simulator in just 1536 bytes, which can be found at
<https://web.archive.org/web/20040201120708/http://www.idg.co.nz/magazine/pcworld/oct99/code.htm>.
## Author's remarks:
@@ -47,12 +54,11 @@ indicator, or compass. 0 is north, 90 is east, 180 is south,
270 is west. The third instrument is the altimeter, which
measures your height above ground level in feet.
--------
Features
--------
### Features
* Simulator models a Piper Cherokee, which is a light, single-engine propeller
driven airplane.
* Simulator models a [Piper
Cherokee](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piper_PA-28_Cherokee), which is a light,
single-engine propeller driven airplane.
* The airplane is modeled as a six degree-of-freedom rigid body, accurately
reflecting its dynamics (for normal flight conditions, at least).
@@ -65,7 +71,7 @@ reflecting its dynamics (for normal flight conditions, at least).
heading indicator (compass), and an altimeter.
* Flight controls may be mapped to any keys at compile time by redefining the
macros in the build file. Nice if your keyboard doesn't have arrow keys. (Or
macros in the Makefile. Nice if your keyboard doesn't have arrow keys. (Or
if you still use vi. :-)
* Time step size can be set at compile time. This is useful to reduce flicker
@@ -81,9 +87,7 @@ seconds tend to have numerical stability problems.)
* Fly through buildings!
-------
Scenery
-------
### Scenery
Each of the `*.sc` files is a scenery file. The simulator
program reads in the scenery from standard input on startup.
@@ -92,55 +96,67 @@ less than 1000 total lines of input.
Here is a brief description of the scenery files:
horizon.sc -- A horizon, nothing more. You will probably
always want to input this piece of scenery.
- [horizon.sc](horizon.sc)
mountains.sc -- An alternate horizon; a little more
mountainous.
A horizon, nothing more. You will probably always want to input this piece
of scenery.
pittsburgh.sc -- Scenery of downtown Pittsburgh. The downtown
area is initially located to your right.
- [mountains.sc](mountains.sc)
bb.sc -- Simple obstacle course. Try to fly over the
buildings and under the bridges.
An alternate horizon; a little more mountainous.
pyramids.sc -- Fly over the tombs of the ancient Pharaohs,
in this (fictitious) Egyptian landscape.
- [pittsburgh.sc]([pittsburgh.sc])
river.sc -- Follow a flowing river from the sky.
Scenery of downtown Pittsburgh. The downtown area is initially located
to your right.
- [bb.sc](bb.sc)
Simple obstacle course. Try to fly over the buildings and under the
bridges.
- [pyramids.sc](pyramids.sc)
Fly over the tombs of the ancient Pharaohs, in this (fictitious) Egyptian
landscape.
- [river.sc](river.sc)
Follow a flowing river from the sky.
A few examples of how to input scenery:
cat horizon.sc pittsburgh.sc | ./banks
cat mountains.sc bb.sc | ./banks
cat mountains.sc river.sc pyramids.sc | ./banks
```sh
cat horizon.sc pittsburgh.sc | ./banks
cat mountains.sc bb.sc | ./banks
cat mountains.sc river.sc pyramids.sc | ./banks
```
You can simulate flying through a cloud bank as well:
./banks < /dev/null
```sh
./banks < /dev/null
```
You will usually want at least a horizon, though.
The format of scenery files is simple, by the way. They're just
a list of 3-D coordinates, and the simulator simply draws line
segments from point to point as listed in the scenery file. 0 0
0 is used to end a series of consecutive line segments. Note
that in the coordinate system used, the third coordinate
represents altitude in a negative sense: negative numbers are
positive altitudes.
segments from point to point as listed in the scenery file. `0 0
0` is used to end a series of consecutive line segments. Note
that in the coordinate system used, _the third coordinate
represents **altitude** in a negative sense: negative numbers are
positive altitudes_.
I'm sure you'll be making your own scenery files very soon!!!
----------------------------
Alternate Build Instructions
----------------------------
### Alternate Build Instructions
Several options must be passed to the compiler to make the build
work. The provided build file has the appropriate options set
work. The provided [Makefile](Makefile) has the appropriate options set
to default values. Use this section if you want to compile with
different options.
@@ -148,17 +164,17 @@ To map a key to a control, you must pass an option to the
compiler in the format `-Dcontrol=key`. The possible controls
you can map are described in the table below:
Control Description Default Key
------- ------------------------- -----------
IT Increase throttle XK_Page_Up
DT Decrease throttle XK_Page_Down
FD Move stick forward XK_Up
BK Move stick back XK_Down
LT Move stick left XK_Left
RT Move stick right XK_Right
CS Center stick XK_Enter
```
Control Description Default Key
------- ------------------------- -----------
IT Increase throttle XK_Page_Up
DT Decrease throttle XK_Page_Down
FD Move stick forward XK_Up
BK Move stick back XK_Down
LT Move stick left XK_Left
RT Move stick right XK_Right
CS Center stick XK_Enter
```
Values for the possible keys can be found in the X Windows
header file `<X11/keysym.h>`. This file is most likely a
@@ -173,10 +189,10 @@ option would be `-DCS=XK_space`.
To set the time step size, you must pass the following option to
the compiler: `-Ddt=duration`, where `dt` is literal, and where
duration is the time in seconds you want the time step to be.
`duration` is the time in seconds you want the time step to be.
Two things to keep in mind when selecting a time step. Time
steps that are too large (more than about 0.03) will cause
steps that are too large (more than about `0.03`) will cause
numerical stability problems and should be avoided. Setting the
time step to be smaller than your clock resolution will slow
down the simulator, because the system pauses for more time than
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@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ Brent Burley,Brent_Burley,null,null,brent.burley@disney.com,null,null);
Brian Westley,Brian_Westley,http://www.westley.org,null,brian@westley.org,null,null);
Bruce Holloway,Bruce_Holloway,null,null,null,null,null);
Byron Rakitzis,Byron_Rakitzis,null,null,null,null,null);
Carl Banks,Carl_Banks,http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/c/w/cwb129/,null,cwb129@alumni.psu.edu,null,null);
Carl Banks,Carl_Banks,https://blog.aerojockey.com/post/iocccsim,null,web39@aerojockey.com,null,null);
Carl Shapiro,Carl_Shapiro,null,null,carl@lasvegassun.com,null,null);
Carlos Duarte,Carlos_Duarte,null,null,null,null,null);
Cel Skeggs,Cel_Skeggs,http://www.celskeggs.com,null,celskeggs@gmail.com,null,null);
Can't render this file because it contains an unexpected character in line 23 and column 6.
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@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ Contest </I></FONT></CENTER><BR>
<!-- B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B - -->
<UL>
<LI TYPE=none><A NAME="Carl_Banks"></A><B><a href="&#109;&#97;&#105;l&#116;o&#58;c&#x77;&#x62;1&#x32;&#57;&#64;&#x61;&#108;&#x75;&#109;&#x6E;&#105;&#x2E;&#112;&#115;&#x75;&#x2E;&#x65;&#100;&#x75;">Carl Banks</a></B> -- <A HREF="http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/c/w/cwb129/">http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/c/w/cwb129/</a>
<LI TYPE=none><A NAME="Carl_Banks"></A><B><a href="&#109;&#97;&#105;l&#116;o&#58;c&#x77;&#x62;1&#x32;&#57;&#64;&#x61;&#108;&#x75;&#109;&#x6E;&#105;&#x2E;&#112;&#115;&#x75;&#x2E;&#x65;&#100;&#x75;">Carl Banks</a></B> -- <A HREF="https://blog.aerojockey.com/post/iocccsim">https://blog.aerojockey.com/post/iocccsim</a>
<UL>
<LI TYPE=square>Best of Show (<A HREF="years.html#1998_banks">1998 banks</A>)
</UL><BR>