fix Makefile and README.md for 2001/dgbeards
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@@ -1,18 +1,9 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env make
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#
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# IOCCC 2001 entry Makefile
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# IOCCC 2001 winning entry - dgbeards
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################################################################################
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#
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# An Historical Makefile NOTE:
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#
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# The orig.Makefile, if it exits, is the original Makefile before this IOCCC
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# year directory was reworked so that entries are in separate directories.
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# This also applies to any orig.ansi.mk and orig.common.mk files.
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#
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# Several Makefiles were modified / formed in 2022, and as such it may have
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# elements that are not historically compatible with way entries were built.
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#
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# Regarding individual entries:
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#
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# IOCCC winning entry code may not work on your system. Even with standards,
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@@ -45,192 +36,294 @@
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# See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
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SHELL= /bin/sh
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CAT= cat
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RM= rm
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SED= sed
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TRUE= true
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#CINCLUDE= -I ${HOMEBREW_PREFIX}/include/SDL2
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# optimization
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#############################
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# shell used by this Makefile
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#############################
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#
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# Most compiles will safely use -O2. Some can use only -O.
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# A few compilers have broken optimizers and thus you may
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# not want anything.
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SHELL= bash
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#######################
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# common tool locations
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#######################
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#
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include ../../var.mk
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# Set X11_LIBDIR to the directory where the X11 library resides
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#
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#X11_LIBDIR= /usr/X11R6/lib
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#X11_LIBDIR= /usr/X11/lib
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X11_LIBDIR= /opt/X11/lib
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# Set X11_INCLUDEDIR to the directory where the X11 include files reside
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#
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#X11_INCDIR= /usr/X11R6/include
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#X11_INCDIR= /usr/X11/include
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X11_INCDIR= /opt/X11/include
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# Common C compiler warnings to silence
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#
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#CSILENCE=
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CSILENCE= -Wno-char-subscripts -Wno-error -Wno-implicit-function-declaration \
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-Wno-format-security -Wno-implicit-int -Wno-return-type
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# Common C compiler warning flags
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#
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#CWARN= ${CSILENCE}
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#CWARN= -Wall ${CSILENCE}
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#CWARN= -Wall -Wextra ${CSILENCE}
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CWARN= -Wall -Wextra -pedantic ${CSILENCE}
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# Compiler standard
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#
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#CSTD=
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#CSTD= -ansi
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CSTD= -std=gnu99
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# Compiler bit architecture
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#
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# Some entries require 32-bitness:
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# ARCH= -m32
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#
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# Some entries require 64-bitness:
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# ARCH= -m64
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#
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# By default we assume nothing:
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#
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ARCH=
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# Defines that are needed to compile
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#
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#CDEFINE=
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CDEFINE= -DE=break -DF=char -DK=case -DP=int -DR=return -DI=0xFFF
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# Include files that are needed to compile
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#
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CINCLUDE=
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#CINCLUDE= -include stdlib.h
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#CINCLUDE= -include stdio.h
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#CINCLUDE= -include stdlib.h -include stdio.h
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#CINCLUDE= -I ${X11_INCDIR} -I ${X11_INCDIR}/X11
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#CINCLUDE= `${SDL2_CONFIG} --cflags`
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# Optimization
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#
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# Most compiles will safely use -O2. Some can use only -O1 or -O.
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# A few compilers have broken optimizers or this entry make break
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# under those buggy optimizers and thus you may not want anything.
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# Reasonable compilers will allow for -O3.
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#
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#OPT=
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#OPT= -O
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OPT= -O2
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#OPT= -O1
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#OPT= -O2
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OPT= -O3
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# flags for ANSI compiles
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# Default flags for ANSI C compilation
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#
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# NOTE: Some ANSI compilers make use of -Xa to turn on ANSI mode,
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# others such as gcc may want -ansi, others (Compaq Tru64 Unix)
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# want -std1, and others may want nothing at all.
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# Adjust the CFLAGS line as needed.
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#
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# NOTE: Some compilers cannot optimize, or optimize some entries
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# incorrectly. You might want to turn on -O to see if your
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# compiler can handle them.
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#
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#
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#CFLAGS= -Xa ${OPT}
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#CFLAGS= -std1 $(OPT)
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CFLAGS= -ansi ${OPT}
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CFLAGS= ${CSTD} ${CWARN} ${ARCH} ${CDEFINE} ${CINCLUDE} ${OPT}
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# NOTE: On some systems, the library path does not include the location
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# of the X11 libraries. You might need to use a -L/path/to/X11/lib/dir
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# in order to compile with these libs.
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# Libraries needed to build
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#
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X11CCFLAGS= -I/usr/X11R6/include -I/usr/X11R6/include/X11 -I/usr/include/X11
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#X11CCFLAGS=
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X11LDFLAGS= -L/usr/X11R6/lib -Wl,-R/usr/X11R6/lib
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#X11LDFLAGS=
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LIBS=
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#LIBS= -lm
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#LIBS= -L ${X11_LIBDIR} -lX11
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#LIBS= `${SDL2_CONFIG} --libs`
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# ANSI compiler
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#
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# Set CC to the name of your ANSI compiler.
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#
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# Some entries seem to need gcc. If you have gcc, set
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# both CC and MAY_NEED_GCC to gcc.
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#
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# If you do not have gcc, set CC to the name of your ANSI compiler, and
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# set MAY_NEED_GCC to either ${CC} (and hope for the best) or to just :
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# to disable such programs.
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# C compiler to use
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#
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CC= cc
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MAY_NEED_GCC= gcc
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#CC=clang
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#CC=gcc
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# winners that compile under ANSI C
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# Compiler add-ons or replacements for clang only
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#
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WINNERS= anonymous bellard bellard.otccex cheong coupard \
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ctk dgbeards herrmann1 herrmann2 jason kev ollinger rosten \
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schweikh westley williams
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ALT_NAMES= westley.orig
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DATA_FILES= anonymous_files bellard_files herrmann1_files herrmann2_files
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all: ${WINNERS}
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# Most likely to amaze
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ifeq ($(CC),clang)
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#
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anonymous: anonymous.c
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magic='${MAY_NEED_GCC} -O1'; \
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X='-DA(X)=#X'; \
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warning='-pedantic -Dprocessor'; \
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$$magic $$warning -Dmagic= $$X "-DX=A($$magic \"$$X\")" \
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-o anonymous anonymous.c
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anonymous_files: anonymous.ten.c
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# Best abuse of the rules
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CSILENCE+= -Wno-comma -Wno-conditional-uninitialized -Wno-format-nonliteral \
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-Wno-implicit-int-conversion -Wno-missing-prototypes \
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-Wno-missing-variable-declarations -Wno-poison-system-directories \
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-Wno-shadow -Wno-strict-prototypes
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#
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bellard: bellard.c
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${CC} -rdynamic ${CFLAGS} bellard.c -o bellard -ldl
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bellard_files: bellard.otccex.c
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# Best short program
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CWARN+= -Weverything
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#
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cheong: cheong.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} cheong.c -o cheong
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endif
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# Most obfuscated sound
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# Specific add-ons or replacements for gcc only
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#
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coupard: coupard.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o coupard coupard.c
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# Worst Driver
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ifeq ($(CC),gcc)
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#
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ctk: ctk.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o ctk ctk.c
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# Worst AI
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#CSILENCE+=
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#
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dgbeards: dgbeards.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -DE=break -DF=char -DK=case -DP=int -DR=return \
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-DI=0xFFFF dgbeards.c -o dgbeards
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# Best abuse of the C preprocessor
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#CWARN+=
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#
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herrmann1: herrmann1.c herrmann1.sh
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@echo "NOTE: $@ must be built/run using the script $@.sh"
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${SHELL} ./herrmann1.sh
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endif
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herrmann1_files: herrmann1.gcd herrmann1.sh herrmann1.times2
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# Most eye-crossing
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##############################
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# Special flags for this entry
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##############################
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#
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# This entry requires the GCC -include feature.
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ENTRY= dgbeards
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PROG= ${ENTRY}
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#
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herrmann2: herrmann2.c
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${MAY_NEED_GCC} ${CFLAGS} herrmann2.c -o herrmann2 \
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-include /usr/include/stdlib.h -include /usr/include/stdio.h \
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-include /usr/include/time.h -include /usr/include/unistd.h
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herrmann2_files: herrmann2.cup herrmann2.ioccc
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# Best Of Show
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OBJ= ${PROG}.o
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DATA=
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TARGET= ${PROG}
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#
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jason: jason.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -o jason jason.c
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ALT_OBJ=
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ALT_TARGET=
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# Best Curses Game
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#################
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# build the entry
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#################
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#
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kev: kev.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} -DPORT=5455 -DSPEED=50 -o kev kev.c \
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-lcurses -ltermcap \
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-Dl_="socket(il.sin_family=AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0)"
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# Best primal ASCII graphics
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#
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ollinger: ollinger.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} ollinger.c -o ollinger
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# Best abuse of the user
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#
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rosten: rosten.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} rosten.c ${X11CCFLAGS} ${X11LDFLAGS} -pedantic -lX11 \
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-o rosten
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# Best one-liner
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#
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schweikh: schweikh.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} schweikh.c -o schweikh
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# Best position-independant code
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#
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westley: westley.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} westley.c -o westley
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westley.orig: westley.orig.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} westley.orig.c -o westley.orig
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# Best position-independant code
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#
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williams: williams.c
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${CC} williams.c ${X11CCFLAGS} ${X11LDFLAGS} -lX11 -o williams
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everything: ${WINNERS} ${ALT_NAMES} ${DATA_FILES}
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love:
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@echo 'not war?'
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haste:
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${MAKE} waste
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waste:
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@echo 'waste'
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clean:
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${RM} -f *.o a.out core ${WINNERS}
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clobber: clean
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${RM} -f ${WINNERS}
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${RM} -f ${ALT_NAMES}
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nuke: clobber
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all: data ${TARGET}
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@${TRUE}
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install: all
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${CAT} ${WINNERS} ${ALT_NAMES} > /dev/null
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.PHONY: all alt data everything clean clobber install \
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love haste waste maker easter_egg sandwich \
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supernova deep_magic magic charon pluto
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${PROG}: ${PROG}.c
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${CC} ${CFLAGS} $< -o $@ ${LIBS}
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# alternative executable
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#
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alt: data ${ALT_TARGET}
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@${TRUE}
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# data files
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#
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data: ${DATA}
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@${TRUE}
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# both all and alt
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#
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everything: all alt
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###############
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# utility rules
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###############
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#
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clean:
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${RM} -f ${OBJ} ${ALT_OBJ}
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@-if [ -f indent.c ]; then \
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echo ${RM} -f indent.c; \
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${RM} -f indent.c; \
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fi
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clobber: clean
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${RM} -f ${TARGET} ${ALT_TARGET}
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@-if [ -e sandwich ]; then \
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${RM} -f sandwich; \
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echo 'ate sandwich'; \
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fi
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install:
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@echo "Dr. Spock says that is not logical!"
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@${TRUE}
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# you may be able to misunderstand the source by reading indent.c
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#
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indent.c: ${PROG}.c
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@if which "${GINDENT}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
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echo ${RM} -f $@; \
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${RM} -f $@; \
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echo "${GINDENT} < $< > $@"; \
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${GINDENT} < $< > $@; \
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elif which "${INDENT}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then \
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echo ${RM} -f $@; \
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${RM} -f $@; \
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echo "${INDENT} < $< > $@"; \
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${INDENT} < $< > $@; \
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else \
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echo "no intent tool found, ident $< yourself, sorry"; \
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echo "exit 1"; \
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exit 1; \
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fi
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##################
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# 133t hacker rulz
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##################
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#
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love:
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@echo 'not war?'
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@${TRUE}
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haste:
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$(MAKE) waste
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@${TRUE}
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waste:
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@echo 'haste'
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@${TRUE}
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maker:
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@echo 'Participate in a maker faire'
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@${TRUE}
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easter_egg:
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@echo "you expected to often misunderstand this $${RANDOM} magic"
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@echo "chongo '<was here>' /\\oo/\\"
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@echo "Eggy"
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sandwich: easter_egg
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@if [ `id -u` -eq 0 ]; then \
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echo 'Okay.'; \
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echo "$${RANDOM}`date +%s`$${RANDOM}" > $@; \
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else \
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echo 'What? Make it yourself.'; \
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exit 1; \
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fi
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# Understand the history of the Homebrew Computer Club
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# as well as the West Coast Computer Faire and
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# you might be confused different. :-)
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#
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supernova: sandwich
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@-if [ -r .code_anal ]; then \
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${RM} -f .code_anal_v6; \
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else \
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echo "planet deniers, like some members of the IAU, are so cute when they try to defend their logic"; \
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fi
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@echo "A $@ helps ${MAKE} the elements that help form planets"
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@${TRUE}
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deep_magic: supernova
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@-if [ -r .code_anal ]; then \
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ccode_analysis --deep_magic 7889066cdbdf09b0408021754586e895be641cc9be29e7eafd3ca65359541f17 \
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--FNV1a_hash_512_bit -v2 "${PROG}" "${PROG}.c"; \
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else \
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echo "Wrong! Do it again!"; \
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sleep 2; \
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||||
echo "Wrong! Do it again!"; \
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||||
sleep 2; \
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||||
echo "Wrong! Do it again!"; \
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||||
fi
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@${TRUE}
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magic: deep_magic
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@-if [ -r .code_anal ]; then \
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ccode_analysis --level 20003 --mode 5717175 --FNV1a_hash_512_bit -v2 "${PROG}" "${PROG}.c"; \
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||||
else \
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echo "If you don't eat yer meat, you can't have any pudding!"; \
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echo "How can you have any pudding if you don't eat yer meat?!"; \
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||||
fi
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@${TRUE}
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||||
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# The IOCCC resident astronomer states
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||||
#
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||||
charon: magic
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||||
@echo "$@ is a dwarf planet"
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||||
@echo "dwarf is a type of planet"
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||||
@echo "therefore IAU, $@ is a planet"
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||||
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||||
pluto: charon
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${MAKE} charon
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@echo "$@ is a dwarf planet"
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||||
@echo "dwarf is a type of planet"
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||||
@echo "therefore, $@ is a planet"
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||||
@echo "having lots of planets is good feature because supernovae can help ${MAKE} a lot of them"
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+160
-152
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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Best AI:
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||||
# Best AI:
|
||||
|
||||
Doug Beardsley
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||||
Southern Adventist University
|
||||
@@ -6,207 +6,215 @@ Best AI:
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||||
Cleveland, TN 37312
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||||
USA
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||||
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||||
# To build:
|
||||
|
||||
Judge's Remarks:
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||||
```sh
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||||
make
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||||
```
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||||
|
||||
To build:
|
||||
### To run:
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||||
|
||||
make dgbeards
|
||||
```sh
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||||
./dgbeards
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||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Try:
|
||||
### Try:
|
||||
|
||||
./dgbeards
|
||||
```sh
|
||||
echo "Do or do not. There is no try."
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
This is probably the worst AI we've ever seen. So, then, why did
|
||||
the entry win? Because it's *trying* to lose.
|
||||
## Judges' comments:
|
||||
|
||||
This is also one of the first chess games we've seen.
|
||||
This is probably the worst AI we've ever seen. So, then, why did
|
||||
the entry win? Because it's *trying* to lose.
|
||||
|
||||
Of particular interest is the author's decision that the program should
|
||||
crash if it loses. I've played chess with a lot of people like that, and
|
||||
I appreciate the realism.
|
||||
This is also one of the first chess games we've seen.
|
||||
|
||||
Of particular interest is the author's decision that the program should
|
||||
crash if it loses. I've played chess with a lot of people like that, and
|
||||
I appreciate the realism.
|
||||
|
||||
Selected Author's Comments:
|
||||
## Author's comments:
|
||||
|
||||
FAQ:
|
||||
FAQ:
|
||||
|
||||
Q: What does this program do?
|
||||
Q: What does this program do?
|
||||
|
||||
A: It lets the user play two player or single player games of suicide
|
||||
chess. Suicide Chess (also known as Losing Chess) is a variant of normal
|
||||
chess. It is played on the same board and uses the same pieces. Here is
|
||||
a list of the differences:
|
||||
A: It lets the user play two player or single player games of suicide
|
||||
chess. Suicide Chess (also known as Losing Chess) is a variant of normal
|
||||
chess. It is played on the same board and uses the same pieces. Here is
|
||||
a list of the differences:
|
||||
|
||||
1. The object of the game is to get to a position where you have no legal
|
||||
moves. This is usually accomplished by losing all of your pieces.
|
||||
Sometimes, the game can end when you still have some pawns on the board,
|
||||
but they are blocked and cannot move. The general rule is if a player
|
||||
has no legal moves, the game is over. The winner is the player with fewer
|
||||
pieces on the board. This is almost always the same player that had no
|
||||
moves, but not always.
|
||||
1. The object of the game is to get to a position where you have no legal
|
||||
moves. This is usually accomplished by losing all of your pieces.
|
||||
Sometimes, the game can end when you still have some pawns on the board,
|
||||
but they are blocked and cannot move. The general rule is if a player
|
||||
has no legal moves, the game is over. The winner is the player with fewer
|
||||
pieces on the board. This is almost always the same player that had no
|
||||
moves, but not always.
|
||||
|
||||
2. In suicide chess, piece captures are compulsory. If a player can
|
||||
capture an opponent's piece, he is required to do so. If he can capture
|
||||
more than one of the opponent's pieces or can capture one piece with more
|
||||
than one of his own pieces, he can choose which capture to play.
|
||||
2. In suicide chess, piece captures are compulsory. If a player can
|
||||
capture an opponent's piece, he is required to do so. If he can capture
|
||||
more than one of the opponent's pieces or can capture one piece with more
|
||||
than one of his own pieces, he can choose which capture to play.
|
||||
|
||||
3. The king is not significant. There is no concept of check and the king
|
||||
can be captured.
|
||||
3. The king is not significant. There is no concept of check and the king
|
||||
can be captured.
|
||||
|
||||
4. Because of rule 3, pawns are allowed to promote to a king.
|
||||
4. Because of rule 3, pawns are allowed to promote to a king.
|
||||
|
||||
5. Castling is not allowed.
|
||||
5. Castling is not allowed.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: How do you use this program?
|
||||
Q: How do you use this program?
|
||||
|
||||
A: The program is fairly straightforward. When you start the program,
|
||||
it displays the opening position for a game of suicide chess and waits
|
||||
for user input. Commands are as follows:
|
||||
A: The program is fairly straightforward. When you start the program,
|
||||
it displays the opening position for a game of suicide chess and waits
|
||||
for user input. Commands are as follows:
|
||||
|
||||
quit - Quits the program
|
||||
g - Causes the computer to make a move
|
||||
quit - Quits the program
|
||||
g - Causes the computer to make a move
|
||||
|
||||
Moves are represented by the long algebraic notation for the move. For
|
||||
those not familiar with long algebraic notation, a move consists of a
|
||||
square to move from followed by a square to move to. Squares are denoted
|
||||
by a letter and a number. The letter specifies the column or file of the
|
||||
square and the number specifies the row rank. Files are named from left
|
||||
to right by the letters a-h. Rows are numbered from bottom to top with
|
||||
the numbers 1-8. A sample move from the opening position is e2e3. This
|
||||
means to move a piece from square e2 to e3. From the opening position,
|
||||
this corresponds to moving the king pawn forward one square. This is
|
||||
generally to be considered one of the best opening moves in suicide
|
||||
chess. All moves, captures and otherwise, are represented with this
|
||||
notation. A special case is pawn promotion moves. They use the same
|
||||
notation followed by an '=' and a letter representing the piece to
|
||||
promote to. The letters are R,N,B,Q,K representing rook, knight, bishop,
|
||||
queen, and king respectively. The letters must be upper case.
|
||||
Moves are represented by the long algebraic notation for the move. For
|
||||
those not familiar with long algebraic notation, a move consists of a
|
||||
square to move from followed by a square to move to. Squares are denoted
|
||||
by a letter and a number. The letter specifies the column or file of the
|
||||
square and the number specifies the row rank. Files are named from left
|
||||
to right by the letters a-h. Rows are numbered from bottom to top with
|
||||
the numbers 1-8. A sample move from the opening position is e2e3. This
|
||||
means to move a piece from square e2 to e3. From the opening position,
|
||||
this corresponds to moving the king pawn forward one square. This is
|
||||
generally to be considered one of the best opening moves in suicide
|
||||
chess. All moves, captures and otherwise, are represented with this
|
||||
notation. A special case is pawn promotion moves. They use the same
|
||||
notation followed by an '=' and a letter representing the piece to
|
||||
promote to. The letters are R,N,B,Q,K representing rook, knight, bishop,
|
||||
queen, and king respectively. The letters must be upper case.
|
||||
|
||||
You can also specify a command line argument of a single digit to change
|
||||
the search depth of the program. If no argument is specified, it
|
||||
defaults to a depth of 3.
|
||||
You can also specify a command line argument of a single digit to change
|
||||
the search depth of the program. If no argument is specified, it
|
||||
defaults to a depth of 3.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: Are there any limitations in your program?
|
||||
Q: Are there any limitations in your program?
|
||||
|
||||
A: Yes. The first of the limitations is that you can only play legal
|
||||
moves according to the rules of suicide chess. En passant captures are
|
||||
not recognized. They are rarely encountered in suicide chess and when
|
||||
they do happen, they usually do not change the outcome of the game. As
|
||||
mentioned above, castling is not allowed either.
|
||||
A: Yes. The first of the limitations is that you can only play legal
|
||||
moves according to the rules of suicide chess. En passant captures are
|
||||
not recognized. They are rarely encountered in suicide chess and when
|
||||
they do happen, they usually do not change the outcome of the game. As
|
||||
mentioned above, castling is not allowed either.
|
||||
|
||||
It also does not detect the end of the game. It can see sure wins or
|
||||
losses several moves ahead, but does not announce the end of a game or
|
||||
the winner. Given the existing code it is easy to do this, but it was
|
||||
deemed unnecessary fluff.
|
||||
It also does not detect the end of the game. It can see sure wins or
|
||||
losses several moves ahead, but does not announce the end of a game or
|
||||
the winner. Given the existing code it is easy to do this, but it was
|
||||
deemed unnecessary fluff.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: What is the playing strength of this program?
|
||||
Q: What is the playing strength of this program?
|
||||
|
||||
A: Playing strength is a relative term. Relative to other computer
|
||||
programs that play suicide chess, it is about the bottom. There is one
|
||||
freeware program in existence called kenny that this program can beat,
|
||||
but that is about it.
|
||||
A: Playing strength is a relative term. Relative to other computer
|
||||
programs that play suicide chess, it is about the bottom. There is one
|
||||
freeware program in existence called kenny that this program can beat,
|
||||
but that is about it.
|
||||
|
||||
Suicide chess is a very tactical game. Most humans who do not have any
|
||||
experience in suicide chess will lose to this program. The Free Internet
|
||||
Chess Server (http://www.freechess.org) is a free online chess server
|
||||
that supports suicide chess. This server keeps track of ratings. The
|
||||
human ratings for suicide chess range from 1000 to about 2400. This
|
||||
program would probably be rated somewhere around 1700-1900. It is better
|
||||
than most players, but will get destroyed by experienced human opponents.
|
||||
Suicide chess is a very tactical game. Most humans who do not have any
|
||||
experience in suicide chess will lose to this program. The Free Internet
|
||||
Chess Server (http://www.freechess.org) is a free online chess server
|
||||
that supports suicide chess. This server keeps track of ratings. The
|
||||
human ratings for suicide chess range from 1000 to about 2400. This
|
||||
program would probably be rated somewhere around 1700-1900. It is better
|
||||
than most players, but will get destroyed by experienced human opponents.
|
||||
|
||||
This program searches to a fixed depth of 3 ply. Because it does not
|
||||
search very deep, it performs very poorly in quiet strategic positions.
|
||||
In such positions, it will often just shuffle pieces around aimlessly
|
||||
until a tactical exchange presents itself.
|
||||
This program searches to a fixed depth of 3 ply. Because it does not
|
||||
search very deep, it performs very poorly in quiet strategic positions.
|
||||
In such positions, it will often just shuffle pieces around aimlessly
|
||||
until a tactical exchange presents itself.
|
||||
|
||||
A small amount of randomness has been added to make the program a more
|
||||
interesting opponent. The to avoid a call to srand(), rand() and the
|
||||
extra code for the required include files, the time() function is used as
|
||||
the source of random data. It is a slow function, and since it is
|
||||
executed inside the search loop, there is a significant performance
|
||||
decrease. To make it faster, replace the time() call with rand() and add
|
||||
the line srand(time(0)); to the beginning of main(). I used the more
|
||||
inefficient time() function to illustrate a different (and somewhat
|
||||
obfuscated?) way of generating random numbers.
|
||||
A small amount of randomness has been added to make the program a more
|
||||
interesting opponent. The to avoid a call to srand(), rand() and the
|
||||
extra code for the required include files, the time() function is used as
|
||||
the source of random data. It is a slow function, and since it is
|
||||
executed inside the search loop, there is a significant performance
|
||||
decrease. To make it faster, replace the time() call with rand() and add
|
||||
the line srand(time(0)); to the beginning of main(). I used the more
|
||||
inefficient time() function to illustrate a different (and somewhat
|
||||
obfuscated?) way of generating random numbers.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: Why is this program obfuscated?
|
||||
Q: Why is this program obfuscated?
|
||||
|
||||
A: Here are several reasons:
|
||||
A: Here are several reasons:
|
||||
|
||||
First, without preprocessing, the code is not easy to read. The
|
||||
preprocessor is used to compress the code and obfuscate it. The main
|
||||
obstacle to entering this program is the source code size limit. This is
|
||||
the reason that the preprocessor was used so liberally. It is one of the
|
||||
best ways to compress C source code.
|
||||
First, without preprocessing, the code is not easy to read. The
|
||||
preprocessor is used to compress the code and obfuscate it. The main
|
||||
obstacle to entering this program is the source code size limit. This is
|
||||
the reason that the preprocessor was used so liberally. It is one of the
|
||||
best ways to compress C source code.
|
||||
|
||||
Second, when possible, variables in the program were made global. Their
|
||||
names are not descriptive and they are used for a variety of purposes
|
||||
throughout the program. Because of this, it is difficult to determine
|
||||
exactly what the code does even after preprocessing and beautifying the
|
||||
code.
|
||||
Second, when possible, variables in the program were made global. Their
|
||||
names are not descriptive and they are used for a variety of purposes
|
||||
throughout the program. Because of this, it is difficult to determine
|
||||
exactly what the code does even after preprocessing and beautifying the
|
||||
code.
|
||||
|
||||
Third, all function names are a single character and are obviously not
|
||||
descriptive of they're actual purpose. Again this serves the dual
|
||||
purpose of compression and obfuscation.
|
||||
Third, all function names are a single character and are obviously not
|
||||
descriptive of they're actual purpose. Again this serves the dual
|
||||
purpose of compression and obfuscation.
|
||||
|
||||
Fourth, most string variables have been encoded. This encoding serves
|
||||
to obfuscate the program as well as reduce the number of countable
|
||||
characters and get the program under the size limit of this year's IOCCC.
|
||||
There are some places where other simple encoding methods are used to
|
||||
hide the real purpose of strings. These layers of obscurity cannot be
|
||||
penetrated by just preprocessing and beautifying the program.
|
||||
Fourth, most string variables have been encoded. This encoding serves
|
||||
to obfuscate the program as well as reduce the number of countable
|
||||
characters and get the program under the size limit of this year's IOCCC.
|
||||
There are some places where other simple encoding methods are used to
|
||||
hide the real purpose of strings. These layers of obscurity cannot be
|
||||
penetrated by just preprocessing and beautifying the program.
|
||||
|
||||
Fifth, various small obfuscations have been used in places all over the
|
||||
program. Short circuit evaluation is used as a substitute for if()
|
||||
statements in some places. The ternary operator is used. In the
|
||||
author's opinion, use of the ternary operator is almost always a strong
|
||||
argument for employee turnover.
|
||||
Fifth, various small obfuscations have been used in places all over the
|
||||
program. Short circuit evaluation is used as a substitute for if()
|
||||
statements in some places. The ternary operator is used. In the
|
||||
author's opinion, use of the ternary operator is almost always a strong
|
||||
argument for employee turnover.
|
||||
|
||||
Last, if you have succeeded in wading through the previous layers of
|
||||
obfuscation, you are confronted by the fact that the game that it
|
||||
implements is an obscure game. Casual inspection of the program might
|
||||
lead one to believe that it is an implementation of classic chess, but
|
||||
this is not so.
|
||||
Last, if you have succeeded in wading through the previous layers of
|
||||
obfuscation, you are confronted by the fact that the game that it
|
||||
implements is an obscure game. Casual inspection of the program might
|
||||
lead one to believe that it is an implementation of classic chess, but
|
||||
this is not so.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: What about the compiler warnings?
|
||||
Q: What about the compiler warnings?
|
||||
|
||||
A: When compiled with gcc -Wall, the compiler generated the following
|
||||
warnings:
|
||||
A: When compiled with gcc -Wall, the compiler generated the following
|
||||
warnings:
|
||||
|
||||
suggest parentheses around + or - in operand of &
|
||||
array subscript has type 'char'
|
||||
return type defaults to 'int'
|
||||
control reaches end of non-void function
|
||||
value computed is not used
|
||||
suggest parentheses around + or - in operand of &
|
||||
array subscript has type 'char'
|
||||
return type defaults to 'int'
|
||||
control reaches end of non-void function
|
||||
value computed is not used
|
||||
|
||||
The "value computed is not used" warning happens because I use the &&
|
||||
operator and take advantage of short circuit evaluation instead of using
|
||||
an if() statement.
|
||||
The "value computed is not used" warning happens because I use the &&
|
||||
operator and take advantage of short circuit evaluation instead of using
|
||||
an if() statement.
|
||||
|
||||
The "suggest parentheses..." warnings are given because of expressions
|
||||
that depend on operator precedence details in the C language.
|
||||
Eliminating these warnings would reduce obfuscation.
|
||||
The "suggest parentheses..." warnings are given because of expressions
|
||||
that depend on operator precedence details in the C language.
|
||||
Eliminating these warnings would reduce obfuscation.
|
||||
|
||||
The other warnings are there because it would require more code to
|
||||
eliminate them and that can't be done given the size limit.
|
||||
The other warnings are there because it would require more code to
|
||||
eliminate them and that can't be done given the size limit.
|
||||
|
||||
Q: Why does this program crash when it loses?
|
||||
Q: Why does this program crash when it loses?
|
||||
|
||||
A: What better way to admit defeat? The author thought this was
|
||||
appropriate sportsmanship for a program of this genre and can think of
|
||||
no worse job than trying to find an elusive bug in an intentionally
|
||||
obfuscated program.
|
||||
A: What better way to admit defeat? The author thought this was
|
||||
appropriate sportsmanship for a program of this genre and can think of
|
||||
no worse job than trying to find an elusive bug in an intentionally
|
||||
obfuscated program.
|
||||
|
||||
[judge's note: This was followed by a description of the bug, and
|
||||
the comment:]
|
||||
[judge's note: This was followed by a description of the bug, and
|
||||
the comment:]
|
||||
|
||||
(Note, if this program wins, the author thinks it would be good to leave
|
||||
this information out of the remarks and encourage others to try and
|
||||
figure it out for themselves)
|
||||
(Note, if this program wins, the author thinks it would be good to leave
|
||||
this information out of the remarks and encourage others to try and
|
||||
figure it out for themselves)
|
||||
|
||||
[should you be too lazy to figure it out yourself, here's the author's
|
||||
fix. I would have rot13'd it, but the punctuation would have survived.]
|
||||
[should you be too lazy to figure it out yourself, here's the author's
|
||||
fix. I would have rot13'd it, but the punctuation would have survived.]
|
||||
|
||||
begin 644 fix.txt
|
||||
M5&AI<R!B=6<@8V%N(&)E(&9I>&5D(&EN(&$@;G5M8F5R(&]F('=A>7,L(&)U
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in new issue
Block a user