Get all 1988 entries to compile

For 1988/dale it will not compile under macOS. I was able to get it to
almost compile under macOS but there was one problem. As well this 'fix'
will make it not compile under linux. One change was required which was
changing the #define _ define followed by #_ foo to be just '#define
foo' etc.

Added to 1988/isaak/.gitignore isaak.output.

1988/spinellis won't compile with clang.

1988/phillipps will compile but it is likely to segfault at least in
some systems (maybe not all).

Updated many README.md files for the changes above (and probably other
changes I've neglected to write in this log). Most changes in the readme
files are probably just formatting and probably typos as well as how to
compile and run entries nowadays. There might have been other changes.

1988/litmaath/README.md

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Best small program:
+## Best small program
 
 	Maarten Litmaath
 	Free University (VU) Amsterdam
@@ -7,28 +7,39 @@ Best small program:
 	1183 AK Amstelveen
 	The Netherlands
 
-Try: litmaath eschew obfuscation
+## Try:
+
+	./litmaath eschew obfuscation
+
+
+## Judges' comments
 
 Note the unusual structure:
 
+
 	 while (<condition>)
 		 ;
 
+
 Did you notice that the body is empty?
 
+
 The best one can do to understand how the program works is to give it
 two small strings as arguments, and follow the program closely.  One
 could make the body of the 'while' loop an 'fprintf' with interesting
 variables like:
 
-    fprintf(stderr,
+
+	fprintf(stderr,
 	     "argv=%lo *argv=%lo **argv=%c argv[1]=%lo *argv[1]=%c argc=%d\n",
 	     (long) argv, (long) *argv, *argv && **argv ? **argv : '@',
 	     (long) argv[1], argv[1] && *argv[1] ? *argv[1] : '@', argc);
 
+
 Furthermore, it's interesting to note that only two variables are
 used to achieve everything.
 
+
 Copyright (c) 1988, Landon Curt Noll & Larry Bassel.
 All Rights Reserved.  Permission for personal, educational or non-profit use is
 granted provided this this copyright and notice are included in its entirety